Pterophylla fraxinea, formerly known as Weinmannia fraxinea, is a tree in the family Cunoniaceae. It grows up to 40 metres (130 ft) tall. The bark is grey to dark brown. Inflorescences bear up to three pairs of flowers. The specific epithet fraxinea is from the Latin meaning 'ash tree', referring to the leaves' resemblance to those of the genus Fraxinus.[3]
| Pterophylla fraxinea | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Oxalidales |
| Family: | Cunoniaceae |
| Genus: | Pterophylla |
| Species: | P. fraxinea
|
| Binomial name | |
| Pterophylla fraxinea | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
|
Synonymy
| |
The tree grows in a wide variety of habitats from sea level to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) elevation. P. fraxinea is found widely in Malesia. In Malaysia's Sarawak state the leaves are used to make a dye.[3]
Range and habitat
editPterophylla fraxinea ranges from Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia through Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Maluku, and the Lesser Sunda Islands to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It is absent from Sulawesi and the Philippines.[2][4]
It typically grows at medium to high elevations in the western (Malesian) portion of its range, and is more frequent at lower elevations in New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It grows from (450–)1000–2065 metres elevation in Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand, 500–2700 m in Sumatra, 600–2400 m in Java, (0-)500–1970 m in Borneo, 500–1500+ m in the Lesser Sunda Islands, 10–1450(–2250) m in New Guinea, and 10–620 m in the Solomons.[4]
In western Malesia it is a locally-common small tree in primary and secondary hill forests above about 500 metres elevation, often on ridges and slopes below ridge tops. It is commonly found with trees of family Casuarinaceae. It also grows in montane forests at higher elevations, including mossy heath forest and montane rain forest, and in dwarf subalpine forest and shrubland and low alpine shrubland. In Borneo it also grows in low- to mid-elevation heath forest on sandy nutrient-poor soils, including Agathis-dominated forest, and in peat swamp forest near sea level.[4]
References
edit- ^ Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. (2018). "Weinmannia fraxinea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T135802257A135802259. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T135802257A135802259.en. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
- ^ a b c Pterophylla fraxinea D.Don Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 14 April 2023.
- ^ a b Chung, R. C. K. (March 2007). "Weinmannia fraxinea (D. Don) Miq." (PDF). In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K.; Kiew, Ruth (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 6. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 8–9. ISBN 983-2181-89-5. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ a b c Helen C. F. Hopkins and Jason C. Bradford (1998). A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 1. Introduction and an account of the species of Western Malesia, the Lesser Sunda Islands and the Moluccas. Adansonia, volume 20, issue 1, pages 5-41, 1998.