In Inuit mythology, the Qallupilluit (a.k.a. Qalupalik) are creatures that live along Arctic shorelines near ice floes. They are said to steal children that wander too close to the water. This myth is believed to serve the purpose of protecting children from a dangerous environment, keeping them from wandering too close to the ice.[2]
| Similar entities | Bogeyman |
|---|---|
| Folklore | Mythical creature |
| Other name(s) | Inuktitut: ᖃᓪᓗᐱᓪᓗᐃᑦ[1] Qalupalik |
| Region | Nunavut, Alaska |
Appearance
editThe accounts of the appearance of the Qallupilluit differ across tales, but there are some commonalities. The Qallupilluit is often described as having green, slimy skin, long hair, and long fingernails.[3] Their hands are webbed like an aquatic creature, along with scales and fins. It wears an amautik, an Inuit parka mostly worn by women.[4] Some say that their parkas are made of eider duck feathers and are used to carry kidnapped children.[5] It is said to have two flippers, one is able to emit a shrill sound that paralyzes its victims. They also have the ability to alter their appearance, through a technique known as pilutitaminik.[6]
While some interpretations include the pronoun 'he',[7] the Qallupilluit is predominantly described in a feminine manner. It is said that the Qallupilluik uses the abducted children to maintain her long, flowing hair.
Mythology
editThey lurk under the water in the Arctic regions of the world, living along the coast.[5] The Qallupilluit hunt along the ice floes, kidnapping children that wander too close. One strategy they use for hunting is to emit an ethereal hum that will draw children closer to the water so they can be pulled in. Accounts vary as to what actually happens to the taken children. Some versions say that the child is simply devoured, while others say that they are held in a stasis-like state and used to fuel the youth of the Qallupilluit.[4]
Qallupilluit can be outsmarted by its targets. They are said to be invulnerable in their natural state, but some clever Inuit hunters found a way to bypass this. They would call out to it, and ask it to change shape for them, usually into something like a seal or a whale. Then, they could kill it and bring home a valuable catch.[6]
There are tales of children willingly being given to a Qallupilluit. One such tale is about a grandmother and her grandson, struggling without food. The grandmother called upon a Qallupilluit to come and take him away, as she was not able to feed him and he would be better off. Once the tribe was able to successfully hunt again, a young Inuit couple took it upon themselves to retrieve the child. They were able to track him down, tethered to a piece of seaweed by the Qallupilluit so he could not escape her. However, they were not able to retrieve him because the Qallupilluik would drag him back under the waves whenever they got too close. They stealthily hid nearby all night long, and cut him loose once the sun rose.[4] This tale has different variations, some versions have the grandmother giving the child to the Qallupilluit as a punishment, or becoming a great hunter after being rescued.[7]
In media
edit- The Qallupilluit is featured in the popular children's book A Promise Is A Promise by Robert Munsch and Michael Kusugak. In the story, a young Inuit child must outwit the Qallupilluit in order to save her siblings.[8]
- The Qallupilluit is featured in the graphic novel Putuguq & Kublu & the Qalupalik by Roselynn Akulukjuk and Danny Christopher.[9]
- The Qallupilluit was featured in the book The Qalupalik by Elisha Kilabuk and Joy Ang. It is about an encounter between a young orphan and the Qallupilluit.
- The Qallupilluit is featured in the indie game Beneath Floes, which was released to critical acclaim.[10]
- The Qallupilluit is featured in the animated short film Qalupalik, a project by the Nunavut Animation Lab.
- The legend of the Qalupalik is referenced in the tenth episode of season 9 of Murdoch Mysteries, titled 'The Big Chill'.
- The Russian avant-prog band Kalutaliksuak was named after Qalupalik.
References
edit- ^ Boas, Franz (1888). "Qallupilluit". InuitMyths.com. Qikiqtani Inuit Association. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
- ^ Pearce, Q. L. (11 May 2012). Native American Mythology. Greenhaven Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4205-0951-9.
- ^ McElroy, D. R. (26 May 2020). Superstitions: A Handbook of Folklore, Myths, and Legends from around the World. Wellfleet Press. ISBN 978-0-7603-6629-5.
- ^ a b c Williamson, Jenny; McMenemy, Genn (21 February 2023). Women of Myth: From Deer Woman and Mami Wata to Amaterasu and Athena, Your Guide to the Amazing and Diverse Women from World Mythology. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5072-1941-6.
- ^ a b Christopher, Neil (September 2007). "The Qallupilluit Strange Beings from the Sea Depths" (PDF). Pivut (1): 4.
- ^ a b Routledge, Karen (10 December 2018). Do You See Ice?: Inuit and Americans at Home and Away. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-58013-5.
- ^ a b "Qallupilluit". www.inuitmyths.com (in Inuktitut and English). Retrieved 24 March 2023.
- ^ "A Promise Is a Promise". OverDrive. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- ^ "Graphic Novel Review: Putuguq & Kublu & the Qalupalik!". Colorful Book Reviews. 14 October 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- ^ "Pangnirtung developers raise money to translate video game into Inuktituk". CBC News. 26 January 2015.
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