Qiji (simplified Chinese: 齐己; traditional Chinese: 齊己; pinyin: Qíjǐ; 863 - 937), also known by his art name Hengyue Shamen (衡岳沙门; 'Buddhist monk in Mount Hengshan'), was a Tang dynasty Chinese Buddhist monk and poet.[1] Qiji wrote more than 852 poems, after Li Bai (701-762), Du Fu (712-770), Bai Juyi (772-846), Yuan Zhen (779-831), he ranks at the fifth position in terms of numbers of poems within the Tang poets.[2] He was one of the big three of Tang dynasty poetmonks (诗僧), along with Guanxiu (832-912) and Jiaoran (730-799).
Qiji | |
|---|---|
齊己 | |
| Personal | |
| Born | Hu Desheng (胡德生) 863 |
| Died | 937 (aged 73–74) |
| Religion | Chan Buddhism |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| School | Guiyang school |
| Other names | Hengyue Shamen (衡岳沙门) |
| Dharma names | Qiji |
| Occupation | Buddhist monk, poet |
| Organization | |
| Temple | Longxing Temple |
| Senior posting | |
| Teacher | Yangshan Huiji |
Biography
editQiji was born Hu Desheng (胡德生) in 863, in Zuta Village, Weishan Township, Ningxiang, Hunan, to a family of tenant farmers. At the age of 6, he learned writing while grazed cattle for the Tongdu Temple (同度寺) on the mountain. He took refuge in the Three Jewels (became a monk) under Yangshan Huiji (807-883). As Adult, he went out to study and travelled to Yueyang, Changan, Zhongnan Mountains, Mount Huashan, and Jiangxi. When he returned to Changsha, Xu Dongye (徐东野), a poet in the office of Hunan military governor, said: "The poems we write are not good enough. We can't compare the poems you write." (我辈所作，皆拘于一途，非所谓通方之士。若齐己，才高思远，无所不通，殆难及矣。)
In 921, Qiji went to Sichuan via Jingzhou, Gao Jixing (858-929), formally Prince Wuxin of Chu, urged Qiji to stay at Longxing Temple (龙兴寺) and appointed him as abbot. He died at the age of 76 in Jiangling County, Jingzhou, Hubei.[3]
Works
edit- Fengsao Zhiyao (风骚旨格)
- Bailian Ji (白莲集)
References
edit- ^ 一字之师与好为人师. iFeng (in Chinese). 2017-08-17.
- ^ 成都有太多理由让远方的诗人惦念. 163 (in Chinese). 2017-12-13.
- ^ 晚唐诗僧们的诗禅世界. sina (in Chinese). 2017-06-12.
External links
edit- Wang Xiulin (王秀林) (2011). 齐己诗集校注 [School Notes of The Collection of Qiji] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Social Sciences Press. ISBN 9787516101377.