Sir Robert James Buckland KBE KC (born 22 September 1968) is a British politician who served as Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice from 2019 to 2021, and as Secretary of State for Wales from July to October 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, he was first elected as the member of Parliament (MP) for South Swindon in 2010, holding the seat until the 2024 general election.[1]
Sir Robert Buckland | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Official portrait, 2022 | |
| Chair of the Northern Ireland Affairs Select Committee | |
| In office 28 November 2023 – 30 May 2024 | |
| Preceded by | Simon Hoare |
| Succeeded by | Tonia Antoniazzi |
| Secretary of State for Wales | |
| In office 7 July 2022 – 25 October 2022 | |
| Prime Minister | Boris Johnson Liz Truss |
| Preceded by | Simon Hart |
| Succeeded by | David T. C. Davies |
| Secretary of State for Justice Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain | |
| In office 24 July 2019 – 15 September 2021 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Prime Minister | Boris Johnson |
| Preceded by | David Gauke |
| Succeeded by | Dominic Raab |
| Minister of State for Prisons and Probation | |
| In office 9 May 2019 – 24 July 2019 | |
| Prime Minister | Theresa May |
| Preceded by | Rory Stewart |
| Succeeded by | Lucy Frazer |
| Solicitor General for England and Wales | |
| In office 15 July 2014 – 9 May 2019 | |
| Prime Minister | David Cameron Theresa May |
| Preceded by | Oliver Heald |
| Succeeded by | Lucy Frazer |
| Member of Parliament for South Swindon | |
| In office 6 May 2010 – 30 May 2024 | |
| Preceded by | Anne Snelgrove |
| Succeeded by | Heidi Alexander |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Robert James Buckland 22 September 1968 Llanelli, Wales |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Children | 2 |
| Residence(s) | Wroughton, Wiltshire, England |
| Education | St Michael's School, Llanelli |
| Alma mater | Inns of Court School of Law Hatfield College, Durham (LLB) |
| Profession | Barrister, recorder |
| Website | robertbuckland |
Buckland was Solicitor General for England and Wales from 2014 to 2019 and Minister of State for Prisons from May to July 2019. He was appointed Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor by Boris Johnson in July 2019, serving until the cabinet reshuffle in September 2021. In July 2022, following the mass resignation of ministers from the Johnson government, he was appointed Secretary of State for Wales by Johnson, and continued to serve in the position under Liz Truss; he resigned from the role when new Prime Minister Rishi Sunak took office in October 2022.
Early life and career
editRobert Buckland was born on 22 September 1968 in Llanelli, Wales. He was educated at Old Road County Primary School (Welsh: Ysgol yr Hen Heol) and then privately at St Michael's School, Llanelli (Welsh: Ysgol Sant Mihangel).
In 1990, he graduated in law from Hatfield College, University of Durham, where he was Secretary of the Junior Common Room and President of the Durham Union Society in Michaelmas term 1989.[2] He was called to the bar in 1991 at the Inner Temple.[3]
Buckland practised as a barrister in Wales from 1992 to 2010,[4] specialising in criminal law at the Crown Court in Swansea, Cardiff, Merthyr and Newport. [5] He was appointed as a recorder in 2009, sitting as a part-time judge in the Crown Court.[5] He was appointed Queen's Counsel in 2014 on becoming Solicitor General and was elected as a Master of the Bench of Inner Temple.[6]
Pre-parliamentary political career
editBuckland stood as the Conservative Party candidate for Elli ward on Dyfed County Council in May 1993, winning the seat from Labour with a majority of just 3 votes. It was reported that he was the first Conservative "in living memory" to have been elected in the Llanelli area.[7] Following local government reorganisation, the Elli ward became part of the unitary Carmarthenshire County Council and Buckland stood again in 1995, losing to the Labour candidate by over 200 votes.[8]
At the 1994 European Parliament election, Buckland stood in South Wales West, coming second with 12.2% of the vote behind the Labour candidate David Morris.[9]
In 1995, Buckland stood in the 1995 Islwyn by-election, coming fourth with 3.9% of the vote.[10]
Buckland stood in Preseli Pembrokeshire at the 1997 general election, coming second with 27.7% of the vote behind the Labour candidate Jackie Lawrence.[11][12]
He was on the Conservative Party list of candidates for Wales at the 1999 European elections, but was not elected.[13]
At the 2005 general election, Buckland stood in South Swindon, coming second with 37.2% of the vote behind the Labour candidate Anne Snelgrove.[14]
Parliamentary career
editFirst term as MP (2010–2015)
editBuckland was elected to Parliament as MP for South Swindon at the 2010 general election with 41.8% of the vote and a majority of 3,544.[15][16]
In 2010, Buckland was elected to the Justice Select Committee. In 2012, along with fellow Tory MP Stuart Andrew, he called for prisoners' mobile phones to be destroyed or sold to raise money for victims' charities, saying that mobiles in prison were a "menace" and that selling them would provide a service to the country, as it costs £20,000 a year to store criminals' phones. They were both supported by Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Legal Aid and Legal Services Jeremy Wright and Shadow Secretary of State for Justice Sadiq Khan.[17]
On 4 December 2012, Buckland was elected Joint Secretary of the 1922 Backbench Committee. He was also Chair of the Conservative Human Rights Commission from 2011 to 2014. He sat on the Standards Committee and the Privileges Committee from 2012 to 2014. He also served on the Joint Committee on Human Rights from 2013 to 2014 and the Joint Committee on Privacy and Superinjunctions which was convened from 2011 to 2012.[18]
On 15 July 2014, Buckland was appointed Solicitor General for England and Wales, replacing Oliver Heald as part of a wide-ranging Government reshuffle.[19]
His appointment as Solicitor General for England and Wales in July 2014 attracted media attention after it was revealed he had been found guilty of professional misconduct by the Bar Standards Board in 2011. He had led an investigation in 2008 into a racially motivated attack at a school at which he was a governor. Despite having no legal grounds to do so, Buckland sought to obtain documents relating to the incident that were held by a barrister representing one of the pupils involved.[20] In response, the attorney general's office stated that Buckland's breach had been "minor" and that the finding "was removed from the Bar records after two years and therefore Mr Buckland was not required to declare it upon appointment as Solicitor General."[21]
In February 2015, it was reported that Buckland was one of a number of individuals investing in the Invicta Film Partnership, which HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) had alleged to be a tax avoidance scheme. This followed a tax tribunal that had ruled that two film partnership schemes were being used primarily for tax avoidance rather than for business purposes and that the investors were not therefore entitled to the claimed tax relief. Buckland responded that he had not attempted to avoid tax and his investments were a matter of public record. He argued his financial adviser had looked into the companies and found them to be completely beyond reproach.[22]
Cameron ministry
editAt the 2015 general election, Buckland was re-elected as MP for South Swindon with an increased vote share of 46.2% and an increased majority of 5,785.[23]
In January 2016, the Labour Party unsuccessfully proposed an amendment in Parliament that would have required private landlords to make their homes "fit for human habitation". According to Parliament's register of interests, Buckland was one of 72 Conservative MPs who voted against the amendment who personally derived an income from renting out property. The Conservative Government had responded to the amendment that they believed homes should be fit for human habitation but did not want to pass the new law that would explicitly require it.[24]
In 2016 it was reported that his preference was to remain in the EU, though Buckland never publicly stated this.[25]
May ministry
edit
At the snap 2017 general election, Buckland was again re-elected, with an increased vote share of 48.4% and a decreased majority of 2,464.[26]
In May 2019, Buckland was appointed as Minister of State for Prisons and Probation at the Ministry of Justice in succession to Rory Stewart, who had been appointed as Secretary of State for International Development. Buckland was replaced as Solicitor General for England and Wales by Lucy Frazer.
Secretary of State for Justice
editOn 24 July 2019, Buckland was appointed Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor by incoming Prime Minister Boris Johnson. He was sworn in as a Member of the Privy Council the next day.[27]
He said that he had considerable relevant experience[28] and expressed an intention to "help drive through a massive programme of change".[29]
A week after being sworn-in, in an interview for The Times newspaper, he expressed the opinion that suspects accused of serious crimes should be granted anonymity if the accusations threatened their reputation, stating "let's say you are a reputable local business person who is accused of fraud. Your good name is going to be really undermined by this mere accusation. That might be a meritorious case for anonymity".[30] In response to the interview, Ian Murray, director of the Society of Editors, said it was "absurd to suggest that in a liberal democracy we are going to create a system of justice that enables the rich, the powerful and celebrities to be protected when they are under investigation for serious crimes but the ordinary man or woman would be offered no such protections." Buckland's opinion was rejected by a Government spokesman, who confirmed "this is not government policy", and the Ministry of Justice, which confirmed "this isn't departmental policy" and stated that Buckland would not be giving further interviews on the subject, which would now be handled by Downing Street.[31]
In the House of Commons, Buckland sat on the Speaker's Advisory Committee on Works of Art, Statutory Instruments (Select and Joint Committees), Standards and Privileges Committee, Privacy and Injunctions (Joint Committee), Consolidation Bills (Joint Committee), Justice Committee and Human Rights (Joint Committee).[32]
At the 2019 Conservative Party Conference, Buckland set out plans to ensure that sexual and violent offenders would be required to serve two-thirds of their custodial sentence in prison, as opposed to half.[33]
Buckland was again re-elected at the 2019 general election, with an increased vote share of 52.3% and an increased majority of 6,625.[34][35]
In January 2020, Buckland announced he wished to open a new prison in Wales, despite the recent withdrawal of plans for a 1,600 prisoner "category C super-prison" in Port Talbot.[27] The proposal came after the announcement of Boris Johnson's plan to create a further 10,000 prison places in England and Wales.[36] The BBC at the time cited Cardiff University and Wales Governance Centre research which found Wales had "the highest imprisonment rate in western Europe".[27]
In September 2020, Buckland stated on The Andrew Marr Show that he would resign only if the UK Internal Market Bill broke the law "in a way I find unacceptable". Buckland defended plans to potentially override the Brexit withdrawal agreement as an emergency "insurance policy". He said he hoped powers being sought by ministers in the Internal Market Bill would never be needed, as a solution could be found with the EU.[37]
Buckland oversaw a UK prison management response to the COVID-19 pandemic which increased the time prisoners spent in their cells, but achieved what were seen as low infection rates.[38]
On 15 September 2021, Buckland was dismissed as Justice Secretary after Johnson reshuffled his cabinet.[39]
Secretary of State for Wales
editHe was reinstated into Johnson's cabinet on 7 July 2022 when he succeeded Simon Hart as Secretary of State for Wales.[40]
On 13 August, Buckland wrote an article in The Daily Telegraph, changing his support from Rishi Sunak to Liz Truss in the July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election after disagreements with the former about the proposed British Bill of Rights.[41]
On 6 September 2022, he was re-appointed by Prime Minister Liz Truss.[42] It was reported that he declined to take up the role of Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. As Welsh Secretary, Buckland played a role in the proceedings following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, attending the Accession Council and the proclamation of accession of King Charles III at Cardiff Castle.
At the 2022 Conservative Party Conference, Buckland stated his view that benefits should be uprated in line with inflation, amid a public debate on the matter, along with fellow cabinet ministers Penny Mordaunt and Chloe Smith.
Return to the backbenches
editOn 25 October 2022, Buckland stood down from the Government upon Rishi Sunak's appointment as Prime Minister. He subsequently returned to the backbenches.
After leaving the role of Welsh Secretary, Buckland accepted an appointment to lead a review into boosting employment opportunities for autistic people on behalf of the Government and the Department for Work and Pensions in 2023.[43]
The November 2023 cabinet reshuffle saw Simon Hoare, the chair of the Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, made a local government minister, with Buckland announcing his intention to run to replace him as chairman. In the event, Buckland was elected unopposed.
Buckland lost his Swindon seat to Labour in the 2024 general election.[1]
Personal life
editBuckland is married to Sian, whom he met at university. They had twins in 2002, and live in Wroughton in his former constituency. Buckland's interests include music, wine, political history and watching rugby and cricket.[44][45] Buckland has a cat, named "Mrs Landingham" after a character on The West Wing.[46]
In January 2013, Buckland was awarded the "Grassroot Diplomat Initiative Award" under the Social Driving category for his extensive work on advocating awareness at Parliament for children with special educational needs, including those with autism, both locally and nationally.[47]
Buckland was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 2022 Political Honours and was invested by King Charles III in November 2022.[48]
References
edit- ^ a b "Swindon South – General election results 2024". BBC News. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
- ^ "About Robert". Robert Buckland QC MP. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
- ^ "About Robert". Robert Buckland. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
- ^ "Buckland replaces Gauke". New Law Journal. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
- ^ a b "Robert Buckland QC speech: Modernising Criminal Justice Conference 2019". Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
- ^ Phillip Taylor MBE (26 October 2015). "What the modern Solicitor General does as a government officer in 2015". The Barrister Magazine. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015.
- ^ Castle, Stephen; Birnberg, Ariadne (9 February 1997). "The Cabinet of Tomorrow?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013.
- ^ "Carmarthenshire Council Election Results 1995–2012" (PDF). Plymouth University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ Boothroyd, David (21 June 2004). "United Kingdom European Parliamentary Election results 1979–99: Wales". Election Demon. Archived from the original on 21 June 2004. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
- ^ Boothroyd, David. "Results of Byelections in the 1992–97 Parliament". United Kingdom Election Results. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "BBC NEWS>VOTE 2001>Results and Constituencies>Preseli Pembrokeshire". Vote 2001. BBC News. 1 May 1997. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- ^ "1999 Election candidates". UK Office of the European Parliament. Archived from the original on 28 August 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2009.
- ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ Taylor, Stephen P (20 April 2010). "Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll" (PDF). Returning Officer. Swindone Borough Council. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
- ^ "MP bids to allow prisoners' mobile phones to be sold off". BBC News. 14 September 2012. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
- ^ "Robert Buckland MP". UK Parliament. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
- ^ Graham, Georgia (15 July 2014). "Cabinet reshuffle: after the sackings, the ministerial promotions". Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015.
- ^ "Buckland appointment 'an insult to lawyers'". lawgazette.co.uk. 21 July 2014. Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ^ "Law minister Robert Buckland was censured for code breach". BBC News. 20 July 2014. Archived from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Robert Buckland: Tory law officer has money in film partnership that is being investigated by HMRC". Independent. 9 February 2015. Archived from the original on 19 September 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "Tories vote down law requiring landlords make their homes fit for human habitation". Independent. 9 November 2012. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ "EU vote: Where the cabinet and other MPs stand". BBC News. 22 June 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "Labour announce candidate to contest General Election in South Swindon". Swindon Advertiser. 30 April 2017.
- ^ a b c Williams, James (19 January 2020). "Justice secretary 'would love' extra Welsh prison". Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ "Sophy Ridge on Sunday Interview with Robert Buckland Justice Minister". www.skygroup.sky. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ "Robert Buckland MP gives first print interview as justice secretary". Swindon Advertiser. 26 July 2019. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ Ames, Jonathan (31 July 2019). "Suspects in sex crimes 'should be anonymous'". The Times. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.(subscription required)
- ^ Elgot, Jessica (1 August 2019). "No 10 rebuffs new minister's backing for pre-charge anonymity". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ^ "Robert Buckland". Parliament UK. Archived from the original on 19 September 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ "Swindon MP Robert Buckland to set out violent prisoner plans at Conservative conference". The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald. 1 October 2019. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
- ^ Council, Swindon Borough. "Statement of Persons Nominated, Notice of Poll and Situation of Polling Stations South Swindon | Swindon Borough Council". www.swindon.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ "Swindon South parliamentary constituency – Election 2019 – BBC News".
- ^ "PM plans prison places and extends stop-and-search". 11 August 2019. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ "Brexit: Buckland says power to override Withdrawal Agreement is 'insurance policy'". BBC News. 13 September 2020. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- ^ "The Guardian view on prisoners in lockdown: too much solitude". The Guardian. 24 May 2020. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ "Robert Buckland gone as Justice Secretary". BBC News. 15 September 2021. Archived from the original on 15 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Sir Robert Buckland QC MP @RobertBuckland has been appointed Secretary of State for Wales @UKGovWales". 10 Downing Street on Twitter. 7 July 2022. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ "Welsh Secretary Robert Buckland switches his support from Sunak to Truss". BBC News. 13 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ @10DowningStreet (6 September 2022). "The Rt Hon Sir Robert Buckland KBE QC MP @RobertBuckland has been re-appointed as Secretary of State for Wales…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "New review to boost employment prospects of autistic people". Gov.UK. 2 April 2023.
- ^ "About Robert". Rt Hon Robert Buckland QC MP Conservative MP for South Swindon. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
- ^ "The Rt Hon Robert Buckland QC MP". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ Angelini, Daniel (27 January 2021). "South Swindon MP Robert Buckland adopts tabby cat Mrs Landingham". Swindon Advertiser. Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
A FINE feline has a new home thanks to South Swindon MP Robert Buckland.
- ^ "Grassroot Diplomat Who's Who". Grassroot Diplomat. 15 March 2015. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ^ "Political Honours conferred: January 2022". Gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
External links
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