The Robinson River is a river in Australia's Northern Territory.
| Robinson | |
|---|---|
  Location of the Robinson River mouth in the Northern Territory | |
| Etymology | Joseph Phelps Robinson |
| Location | |
| Country | Australia |
| Territory | Northern Territory |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Barkly Tableland, Australia |
| • elevation | 343 m (1,125 ft) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia |
• coordinates | 16°02′55″S 137°14′41″E / 16.04861°S 137.24472°E |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Length | 215 km (134 mi) |
| Basin size | 11,369 km2 (4,390 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 31.7 m3/s (1,120 cu ft/s) |
| [1] | |
Description
editThe headwaters of the river rise on the Barkly Tableland and flow in a northerly direction across mostly uninhabited plains, crossing Highway 1 then past the Seven Emu homestead before eventually discharging into the Gulf of Carpentaria approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of Borroloola.
The estuary at the river mouth occupies an area of 10.15 square kilometres (4 sq mi) and is in near pristine condition. It is river dominated in nature with a wave dominated delta and has an area of 142 hectares (351 acres) covered with mangroves.[2]
The drainage basin occupies an area of 11,369 square kilometres (4,390 sq mi) and is wedged between the catchment areas for McArthur River to the west and Calvert River to the east and the Barkly to the south.[3] The river has a mean annual outflow of 1,000 gigalitres (1.308×109 cu yd).[4]
Flora and fauna
editStands of Cycas angulata are found along the lower reaches of the river.[5]
A total of 33 species of fish are found in the river including: sailfin glassfish, barred grunter, snub-nosed garfish, fly-specked hardyhead, mouth almighty, golden flathead goby, spangled perch, barramundi, mangrove jack, chequered rainbowfish, giant gudgeon, spotted scat, freshwater longtom, and seven-spot archerfish.[6]
The critically endangered largetooth sawfish has been caught in the river mouth.[7] The endangered gulf snapping turtle has been found in the upper reaches of the Robinson.[8]
History
editThe traditional owners of the area are the Garawa[9] and the Gunindiri peoples.[10]
The river was named by Ludwig Leichhardt during his expedition from Queensland to Port Essington in 1845. Leichhardt named the river after one of the supporters of the expedition, Joseph Phelps Robinson, a well known philanthropist, banker and Quaker.[11]
In 1992 the Robinson River pastoral lease and surrounding areas were handed back to the Garawa people who had started working on the land claim in 1980.[12]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Map of Robinson River, NT". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
- ^ "Robinson River, NT". Australian online Coastal Information. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
- ^ "Drainage Divisions" (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
- ^ "Robinson River" (PDF). TRaCK. 2009. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
- ^ "Management Program for Cycads" (PDF). Northern Territory Government. 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Robinson River catchment". Fish Atlas of North Australia. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Conservation assessment of Glyphis sp. A (speartooth shark), Glyphis sp. (northern river shark), Pristis microdon (freshwater sawfish) and Pristis zijsron (green sawfish)" (PDF). CSIRO. 1 June 2005. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Gulf snapping turtle". Queensland Government. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Garawa". AusAnthrop Australian Aboriginal tribal database. Ausanthrop. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Gunindini". AusAnthrop Australian Aboriginal tribal database. Ausanthrop. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Place Names Register Extract - Robinson River". NT Place Names Register. Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Robinson River - About Robinson River". Roper Gulf Regional Council. Retrieved 23 May 2015.