Roederer is a spelling variant of the German surname Röderer. Notable people with the surname include:
- Louis Roederer, a Champagne house, or its founder
- Pierre Louis Roederer (1754–1835), French politician and historian
- Antoine Marie Roederer (1782–1865), a French politician, son of Pierre Roederer
- Johann Georg Roederer (1726–1763), a German physician
- Karl Röderer (1868–1928), a Swiss sports shooter
- Juan Gualterio Roederer (born 1929), an Italian-born Argentine-American academic administrator and physicist