Rousseau is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Arts and entertainment
editArtists
edit- Henri Rousseau (1844–1910), French naive painter, also known as Douanier Rousseau
- Jacques Rousseau (painter) (1630–1693), French painter
- Jeanne Rij-Rousseau (1870–1956), French painter and art theorist
- Jean Simeon Rousseau de la Rottière (1747–1820), French decorative painter
- Philippe Rousseau (1816–1887), French still life painter
- Samuel Rousseau (artist) (born 1971), French artist
- Théodore Rousseau (1812–1867), French painter
Writers and poets
edit- Jean-Baptiste Rousseau (1671–1741), French poet
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778), Genevan author and philosopher
- Nita Rousseau (1949–2003), French writer
Architects
edit- Charles M. Rousseau (1848–1918), Belgium-born American architect
- Oliver Rousseau (1891–1977), American architect, real estate developer, and builder
Musicians and composers
edit- Eugene Rousseau (saxophonist) (born 1932), American saxophonist
- Frederick Rousseau (born 1958), French musician
- Jean Rousseau (violist) (1644–1699), French musician and author
- Samuel Rousseau (composer) (1853-1904), French composer
Actors and directors
edit- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (director) (1946-2014), Belgian film director
- Serge Rousseau (1930–2007), French film and television actor
- Stéphane Rousseau (born 1966), Canadian actor
Military
edit- Jeannie Rousseau (1919-2017), French Resistance fighter and spy
- Lawrence Rousseau (1790–1866), United States Navy and Confederate States Navy officer
- Lovell Rousseau (1818–1869), American general
Politics and government
edit- André Rousseau (1911–2002), Quebec politician and businessman
- Roger Rousseau (1921–1986), Canadian ambassador
Science
edit- Cecil C. Rousseau (1938–2020), American mathematician
- Denis Rousseau, American scientist
- Frederic Rousseau, Belgian molecular biologist
- Judith Rousseau, French statistician
Sports
edit- Alex Rousseau (water polo) (born 1967), American water polo player
- Bobby Rousseau (born 1940), Canadian ice hockey player
- Eugène Rousseau (chess player) (c.1810–1870), French chess player
- Florian Rousseau (born 1974), French cyclist
- Gregory Rousseau (born 2000), American football player
- Maurice Rousseau (1906-1977), French Olympic gymnast
- Michel Rousseau (cyclist) (1936–2016), French amateur track cyclist
- Odette Rousseau (1927-2012), French parachutist
- Jacques Rousseau (athlete) (born 1951), French track and field athlete
- Vincent Rousseau (born 1962), Belgian runner
- Yves Rousseau, French aviator
Other fields
edit- Domaine Armand Rousseau, wine producer in Burgundy, France
- Isaac Rousseau (1672–1747), Genevan master clockmaker and Jean-Jacques Rousseau's father
- Philip Rousseau, scholar of early Christianity
- Samuel Rousseau (1763–1820), British printer and Orientalist scholar
Fictional characters
edit- Alexandra Rousseau, daughter of Danielle Rousseau on the American TV show Lost
- Danielle Rousseau
See also
edit- Rossouw, an Afrikaans surname derived from the French surname