Rukneddine, Rukn ad-Din or Rukn al-Din (Arabic: رُكْن ٱلدِّين, romanized: Rukn ad-Dīn) is a municipality of Damascus, Syria. In the CBS 2004 census, it had a population of 92,646.[2] It is the historic Kurdish quarter of the city.[3]
Rukn al-Din
رُكْن ٱلدِّين Rukn ad-Dīn Rukneddine | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
| Arab transcription(s) | |
| • English | "Corner of religion" |
 Rukn al-Din depicted as Rukun Eldin on a map of the municipalities of Damascus | |
| Coordinates: 33°32′24″N 36°17′50″E / 33.54000°N 36.29722°E | |
| Country |  Syria |
| Governorate | Damascus Governorate |
| City | Damascus |
| Population (2004) | |
• Total | 92,646[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (EEST) |
| Climate | BSk |
Etymology
editOriginally named after Rukn al-Din Mankuris al-Faliki al-Aadili (ركن الدين منكورس الفلكي العادلي) who was a servant and companion of Falik al-Din Suleiman al-Aadili (فلك الدين سليمان العادلي), a half brother of al-Aadil Seif al-Din Abu Bakr Bin Ayoub (العادل سيف الدين أبو بكر بن أيوب) who succeeded his other sibling Saladin in rule.[4]
History
editThe Municipality has the famous "al-Madrasa al-Rukniyeh" in Shamdine Square (named after Said Pasha Shamdine), where Rukn al-Din Mankuris was buried.[5]
it is the birthplace of renowned Islamic scholar and former Grand Mufti of Syria Sheikh Ahmed Kuftaro, who served at the Abu Nur Mosque in the district[6] and was buried there in 2004.
On 21 March 1986, Kurds seeking to celebrate the Kurdish-Iranian New Year (Newroz) clashed with state security forces intending to prevent any festivities from occurring. One Kurdish youth, who was visiting from the northeastern city of Qamishli, was killed by police.[7]
Syrian Civil War
editSince the start of the first protest, the district has been a place for the police raids by Syrian security forces and the so-called Shabiha claiming they are searching for armed groups and terrorists.
On 12 August 2011, some months after protests had begun elsewhere in Syria, anti-government protests were held in several districts of Damascus, including the city's Rukneddin district. At least eight protesters had been shot dead by security forces during a demonstration with thousands attendees.[8]
On 4 August 2012 the so-called rebels attacked and took 4 secret service cars and their weapons and one heavy DShK. On the very next day, a fighting started between the opposition troop about 600 armed men, and the Syrian Arab Army with help of security service and the police. It lasted 23 days and ended with the remaining opposition groups surrendering. The exact number of deaths remained unknown due to the isolation and lack of media coverage.[9] On 7 September 2012 a motorcycle bomb in Shamdeen square killed at least five members of the security forces.[10]
On 4 May 2015, Jabhat al-Nusra fighters on motorcycle committed a suicide attack against security forces in the municipality.[11][12]
Districts
edit- Asad ad-Din (pop. 34,314)
- Ayyubiyah (pop. 13,089)
- Al-Fayhaa (pop. 11,330)
- Al-Naqshabandi (pop. 33,913)
Notable people
edit- Khalid Bakdash (1912–1995), the leader of the (SCP) Syrian Communist Party.
- Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti (1929–2013), "Shaikh of the Levant" was one of the most noted Islamic scholars in the 20th and 21st centuries.
- Khayr al-Din al-Zirikli (1893–1976), a Syrian historian, nationalist and poet
- Ahmed Kuftaro (1915–2004), was the Grand Mufti of Syria, the highest officially appointed Sunni Muslim representative of the Fatwa-Administration in the Syrian Ministry of Auqaf in Syria
- Mohammad Hosni (1894–1969) father of Soad Hosny (1943–2001) was a master calligrapher at the Royal Institute of Calligraphy in Cairo.
- Mohammed Amin Kuftaro (1877–1938), was a noted Islamic scholar and head of the Naqshbandi Sufi tariqa
- Abdul Rahman Al Rashi (1943–2014), actor
- Cigerxwîn (1903–1984), writers and poets
- Khaled Taja (1939–2012), actor
- Kheireddine Wanli (1933–2004), poet
- Osman Sebrî (1905-1993) also known as “Apê (The Uncle) Osman”. Kurdish Author, Poet, Politician. Founder of Kurdistan Democratic Party Syria (KDP-S).
References
edit- ^ "Syrian Arab Republic Damascus Governorate Reference map" (PDF). ReliefWeb. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 2015-03-16. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
- ^ "CBSSYR : Arab Republic Office Of Prime Minister". CBSSYR. Archived from the original on 2012-08-01. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
- ^ "Kurds of Damascus: Trapped Between Secession and Integration". Archived from the original on 2016-04-18. Retrieved 2016-05-25.
- ^ Demeter, Daniel (November 21, 2014). "Damascus – al-Madrasa al-Rukniyeh دمشق – المدرسة الركنية".
- ^ "مسجد "سعيد باشا".. مئذنة القوس الأبلق". www.esyria.sy.
- ^ Lund, Aron (5 March 2014). "Damascus Preachers and the Armed Rebellion". Syria In Crisis. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ Tejel, Jordi (2009). Syria's Kurds: History, Politics, and Society. Emily Welle & Jane Welle (translators). Routledge. pp. 63.
- ^ Oweis, Khaled Yakoub (July 16, 2011). "32 killed in Syria protests, Damascus moves: activists" – via www.reuters.com.
- ^ "كتيبة شهداء دمشق ركن الدين غنم وتدمير مركبات الأمن 4 8 2012". Archived from the original on 2021-12-19 – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ "Two bomb blasts strike Damascus" – via www.bbc.com.
- ^ "Syria conflict: Suicide blast rocks central Damascus". May 4, 2015 – via www.bbc.com.
- ^ Bassam, Suleiman Al-Khalidi, Laila (May 4, 2015). "Army officer reported hurt in Damascus suicide bombing; army denies it" – via www.reuters.com.
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