The São Paulo Metro K stock is a class of refurbished electric multiple units from C stock, originally built by Companhia Brasileira de Material Ferroviário, with fleet number from K01 to K25, complemented by L stock, with fleet number from L26 to L47.[1]
| K stock | |
|---|---|
 A K07 train in tests at Itaquera Yard | |
 | |
| In service | 1984–present |
| Manufacturer | Companhia Brasileira de Material Ferroviário |
| Built at | |
| Constructed | 1979–1986 |
| Entered service | 1984 |
| Refurbished | 2010–2014 |
| Number built | 25 sets |
| Number in service | 24 sets |
| Formation | 6-car sets (A–B–B–B–B–A) |
| Fleet numbers | K01–K25 |
| Capacity | 2,070 (if 8 passengers/m²) |
| Operators | São Paulo Metro |
| Depots |
|
| Lines served |  |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Stainless steel |
| Train length | 130.05 m (426 ft 8 in) |
| Car length | 21.75 m (71 ft 4 in) |
| Width | 3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) |
| Height | 3.62 m (11 ft 11 in) |
| Floor height | 1,113 mm (3 ft 7.8 in) |
| Platform height | 8 sets of side doors per car |
| Entry | Level |
| Maximum speed | 90 km/h (56 mph) |
| Weight |
|
| Traction system | MEDCOM FT-350-750-D IGBT–VVVF |
| Traction motors | 24 × Traktionssysteme Austria TME 50-16-4A/B or TME 43-18-4 220 kW (300 hp) asynchronous 3-phase AC |
| Power output | 5,280 kW (7,080 hp) |
| Acceleration | 1.12 m/s2 (3.7 ft/s2) |
| Deceleration |
|
| HVAC | Air conditioning |
| Electric system(s) | 750 V DC third rail |
| Current collector(s) | Contact shoe |
| UIC classification | Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′ |
| Bogies | Hard "H" |
| Braking system(s) |
|
| Coupling system | N2 type (A cars) |
| Track gauge | 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) |
K stock had tests in other line, but never operated out of Line 3-Red.[2]
History
editC stock was built from 1979 to 1986 by companies Mafersa and Cobrasma, in the factory of the last one, located in Sumaré, São Paulo.[3]
Between 2011 and 2014, this rolling stock was refurbished by MTTrens consortium, composed by MPE Engenharia, Temoinsa and T'Trans, in Três Rios, becoming the K stock.[4]
Currently, all of the trains operate on Line 3-Red, same line of the old C stock.[5]
Characteristics
edit
The modernization of the São Paulo Metro trains brought many benefits, mostly regarding the energy consumption.
The fleet engines were changed, operating in alternating current and microprocessed control, against the old ones in direct current and Chopper system. In addition to facilitating their maintenance, it resulted in energy economy that, even with the addition of air-conditioning systems in the cars and driving cabins, the trains continued to consume the same amount of electricity, compared to the old fleet with conventional ventilation.[6]
Besides that, the visual communication of the trains was updated, with the change of masks and painting, equipment added to better inform the passengers, such as electronic strip maps, LED panels and light bulbs over the doors alerting people with hearing loss about the closing doors, installation of new safety and supervision systems[7][8] and updates to the signalling system.[9]
Controversies
editIn the beginning of its service, many reports were made claiming the existence of problems in the rolling stock, although they were denied by the metro company.[10]
It is important to emphasize, however, that failures are common in recent delivered trains,[11] which was the case with this stock during the moment it had more problems.[12] Besides that, this fleet was the first that had its modernization concluded faster, being the first one to meet the deadline.[13]
Finally, it was found that, during modernization, the stock bogies were not updated; later, the metro company replaced the old parts of all cars.[14] Even so, the fleet is the second with the highest number of failures, with its MKBF index only being higher than the E stock, built in 1999.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "SICSP: Nomenclatura das Composições do Metrô". Sistema de Informações ao Cidadão (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (2 August 2020). "Trens da frota K são vistos em estacionamentos da Linha 2-Verde do Metrô". Via Trólebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "TUE Cobrasma MTE (Atual série C do Metrô SP)". Desenhos de Trens Urbanos (in Brazilian Portuguese). 23 September 2014. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (8 May 2020). "O dia em que um trem do Metrô de São Paulo foi parar no Rio de Janeiro". Via Trólebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (24 March 2020). "13 curiosidades da Linha 3-Vermelha do Metrô de São Paulo". Via Trólebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "Evolução tecnológica dos trens". Metrô de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "Trens modernizados". Metrô de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "Estado entrega trens modernizados para Linha 3-Vermelha do Metrô". Governo do Estado de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 21 October 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lopes Menezes, Wilson; Romera Alves, Mauricio. "Modernização dos ATCs L/O para os trens das frotas K e L do Metrô" (PDF). AEAMESP (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (13 November 2013). "Metrô de São Paulo fala ao Via Trolebus sobre falhas". Via Trolebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Meier, Ricardo (22 November 2019). "É justificável a desconfiança a respeito dos trens chineses?". Metrô CPTM (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (12 February 2014). "Mais um trem da frota K abre porta em movimento, aponta jornal". Via Trolebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Lobo, Renato (2 December 2014). "Concluída a reforma da frota K do Metrô de São Paulo". Via Trolebus (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ Meier, Ricardo (21 February 2017). "Metrô decide recolher trens da Frota K para troca de rolamentos". Metrô CPTM (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2023.
External links
edit- São Paulo Metro official website (in Portuguese)
- Secretariat of Metropolitan Transports (in Portuguese)