INDECT is a research project in the area of intelligent security systems performed by several European universities since 2009 and funded by the European Union.[1] The purpose of the project is to involve European scientists and researchers in the development of solutions to and tools for automatic threat detection[2] through e.g. processing of CCTV camera data streams,[3] standardization of video sequence quality for user applications,[4] threat detection in computer networks[5] as well as data and privacy protection.[6][7]
| INDECT | |
|---|---|
| Intelligent information system supporting observation, searching and detection for security of citizens in urban environment | |
| Keywords | security, computer data processing, metadata, digital watermarking, artificial intelligence, signal processing |
| Project type | Collaborative Project |
| Funding agency | European Union |
| Reference | FP7-2007-SEC-218086 |
| Objective | SEC-2007-1.2-01 Intelligent urban environment observation system |
| Project coordinator | AGH – University of Science and Technology (Poland) |
| Participants |
|
| Budget | |
| Duration | 2009-01-01 – 2014-06-30 |
| Website | www |
The area of research, applied methods, and techniques are described in the public deliverables[8] which are available to the public on the project's website. Practically, all information related to the research is public. Only documents that comprise information related to financial data or information that could negatively influence the competitiveness and law enforcement capabilities of parties involved in the project are not published. This follows regulations and practices applied in EU research projects.
Application and target users
editThe main end-user of INDECT solutions are police forces and security services.
The principle of operation of the project is detecting threats and identifying sources of threats, without monitoring and searching for particular citizens or groups of citizens. Then, the system operator (i.e. police officer) decides whether an intervention of services responsible for public security are required or not. Further investigation eventually leading to persons related to threats is performed, preserving the presumption of innocence,[9] based on existing procedures already used by police services and prosecutors.[10] As it can be found in the project deliverables, INDECT does not involve storage of personal data (such as names, addresses, identity document numbers, etc.).
A similar, behavior-based surveillance program was SAMURAI (Suspicious and Abnormal behavior Monitoring Using a netwoRk of cAmeras & sensors for sItuation awareness enhancement).[11]
Expected results
editThe main expected results of the INDECT project are:
- Trial of intelligent analysis of video and audio data for threat detection in urban environments
- Creation of tools and technology for privacy and data protection during storage and transmission of information using quantum cryptography and new methods of digital watermarking
- Performing computer-aided detection of threats and targeted crimes in Internet resources with privacy-protecting solutions
- Construction of a search engine for rapid semantic search based on watermarking of content related to child pornography and human organ trafficking
- Implementation of a distributed computer system that is capable of effective intelligent processing
Controversy
editSome media and other sources[12] accuse INDECT of privacy abuse, collecting personal data,[13] and keeping information from the public.[14] Consequently, these issues have been commented and discussed by some Members of the European Parliament.[15][16]
As seen in the project's documentation, INDECT does not involve mobile phone tracking or call interception.[17]
The rumors about testing INDECT during 2012 UEFA European Football Championship also turned out to be false.[18]
The mid-term review of the Seventh Framework Programme to the European Parliament strongly urges the European Commission to immediately make all documents available and to define a clear and strict mandate for the research goal, the application, and the end users of INDECT, and stresses a thorough investigation of the possible impact on fundamental rights.[19] Nevertheless, according to Mr. Paweł Kowal, MEP, the project had the ethical review on 15 March 2011 in Brussels with the participation of ethics experts from Austria, France, Netherlands, Germany and Great Britain.
See also
edit- Facial recognition system
- Mass surveillance (European Union)
- Behavioral Recognition Systems, Inc.
- Video content analysis
- Artificial intelligence for video surveillance
Further reading
editReferences
edit- ^ [1] Project's Grant Agreement
- ^ [2] Archived 8 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine Official website
- ^ [3] EU funding 'Orwellian' artificial intelligence plan to monitor public for "abnormal behaviour"
- ^ Leszczuk, Mikołaj (2014). "Optimising task-based video quality". Multimedia Tools and Applications. 68: 41–58. doi:10.1007/s11042-012-1161-6.
- ^ Grega, Michał; Bryk, Damian; Napora, Maciej; Gusta, Marcin (2011). "INACT — INDECT Advanced Image Cataloguing Tool". Multimedia Communications, Services and Security. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Vol. 149. pp. 28–36. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21512-4_4. ISBN 978-3-642-21511-7.
- ^ [4] Benefits for the security of citizens & selected tools and applications — indect-home
- ^ Dziech, Andrzej; Bialas, Jaroslaw; Glowacz, Andrzej; Korus, Pawel; Leszczuk, Mikolaj; Matiolalski, Andrzej; Baran, Remigiusz (2013). "Overview of Recent Advances in CCTV Processing Chain in the INDECT and INSIGMA Projects". 2013 International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security. pp. 836–843. doi:10.1109/ARES.2013.112. ISBN 978-0-7695-5008-4.
- ^ [5] Archived 3 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine Public Deliverables
- ^ http://www.policja.pl/ftp/pliki/police_act.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Answer to a written question - Indect project - E-8217/2010".
- ^ CORDIS record for "SAMURAI"
- ^ Ian Johnston (19 September 2009). "EU funding 'Orwellian' artificial intelligence plan to monitor public for". Telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ [6] European Parliament on data protection
- ^ [7] European Parliament on the project's transparency to the public
- ^ [8] Parliamentary questions
- ^ "written declaration (Number of signatories : 177)". (102 KB)
- ^ [9] Archived 10 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Preliminary report on police and prosecutor repositories and access procedures
- ^ [10], European Parliament on testing INDECT during EURO 2012.
- ^ Committee on Industry, Research and Energy: Report on the mid-term review of the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2011/2043(INI)). Results of FP7, 27. 18 April 2011.