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San Martín is a city in the north-center part of the Mendoza Province in Argentina. It is the capital of the San Martín Department and constitutes, with Palmira and La Colonia, the third-largest metropolitan area in the province.
San Martín | |
|---|---|
 City Hall San Martín | |
  San Martín Location of San Martín in Argentina | |
| Coordinates: 33°04′50″S 68°28′14″W / 33.08056°S 68.47056°W | |
| Country |  Argentina |
| Province |  Mendoza |
| Department | San Martín |
| Founded | December 20, 1816 |
| Founded by | Toribio de Luzuriaga (Governor of Mendoza) |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,504 km2 (581 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 770 m (2,530 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
• Total | 79,476 |
| • Density | 53/km2 (140/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (ART) |
| CPA base | M5570 |
| Dialing code | +54 02623 |
| Climate | BWk |
History
editThe first San Martín inhabitants were the Huarpe Milkayak people. The territory was governed by the tribal chief called Pallamay until 1563, when the first Europeans under the command of the Captain Pedro Moyano Cornejo, arrived to the area.
The city was known as Rodeo de Moyano or, alternatively, as La Reducción (Spanish: The Reduction); but its name was changed to Villa Los Barriales in 1816, when it was included in the Corocorto Priesthood of Mendoza Province and officially established by the Governor of Mendoza, Toribio de Luzuriaga.
San Martín came into prominence in the war of the Argentine independence period, when José de San Martín received an extensive land grant in the area to take advantage of agriculture and help the Chilean army of Bernardo O'Higgins in an effort to prevent new Spanish invasions from Chile to Argentina. In 1823, the governor Pedro Molina changed the name of the city yet again in homage to the Argentine general José de San Martín,[1] who, besides his inestimable historical role, contributed many innovations to the local farming sector and in viticulture, particularly.
In 1885, the first railway arrived in San Martin, uniting Buenos Aires with Mendoza and Chile. This development brought many Italian immigrants to the area from Buenos Aires; during the 1950s and '60s, National Route 7 was built between Buenos Aires and Mendoza Province, converting the city into an important distribution center along the most important highway between Buenos Aires and Santiago, Chile.
Geography
editClimate
edit| Climate data for San Martín, Mendoza (1991–2020, extremes 1961–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42.7 (108.9) |
40.6 (105.1) |
37.8 (100.0) |
33.6 (92.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
32.1 (89.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
36.5 (97.7) |
40.4 (104.7) |
40.5 (104.9) |
43.3 (109.9) |
43.3 (109.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.9 (91.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
23.6 (74.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.2 (61.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
19.0 (66.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
25.9 (78.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.2 (77.4) |
23.5 (74.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
7.6 (45.7) |
10.4 (50.7) |
14.0 (57.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.3 (64.9) |
16.9 (62.4) |
15.0 (59.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
6.6 (43.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
1.9 (35.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48.0 (1.89) |
45.0 (1.77) |
47.1 (1.85) |
19.5 (0.77) |
10.9 (0.43) |
3.1 (0.12) |
3.1 (0.12) |
5.9 (0.23) |
8.4 (0.33) |
15.4 (0.61) |
26.6 (1.05) |
29.6 (1.17) |
262.6 (10.34) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.4 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 38.0 |
| Average snowy days | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 53.5 | 58.6 | 63.8 | 67.5 | 69.8 | 66.4 | 61.3 | 53.8 | 50.9 | 49.7 | 48.8 | 48.8 | 57.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 322.4 | 262.7 | 251.1 | 213.0 | 198.4 | 192.0 | 217.0 | 235.6 | 246.0 | 282.1 | 312.0 | 331.7 | 3,064 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 10.4 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 8.4 |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[2][3][4][5] | |||||||||||||
See also
edit
References
editNotes
edit- ^ San Martín was the first city in South America named in homage to José de San Martín.
- ^ "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1991-2020" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
- ^ "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales – período 1991–2020" (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. 2023. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2023.
- ^ "Estadística climatológica de la República Argentina Período 1991-2000" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^ "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por San Martín (MZA)". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
External links
edit
- (in Spanish) Official Site
- (in Spanish) Atlético Club San Martín
- (in Spanish) San Martín Tourism Guide
- Vineyards in the East Zone of Mendoza (in English, Spanish, German, French, Italian, and Portuguese)