Sanatorio de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (also known as, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe; currently, Regional Museum of Cholula) was a psychiatric hospital situated adjacent to the Great Pyramid of Cholula at the base of the Great Pyramid of Cholula, Tlachihualtepetl, in the municipality of San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. It operated from 1910 to 2013.[1]
| Sanatorio de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Geography | |
| Location | C. 14 Pte. 307, San Juan Aquiahuac, 72810 San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico |
| Coordinates | 19°03′28″N 98°18′02″W / 19.057758°N 98.300676°W |
| Organisation | |
| Type | psychiatric hospital |
| History | |
| Opened | 1910 |
| Closed | 2013 |
| Links | |
| Lists | Hospitals in Mexico |
Founding
editFounded in 1910, the sanatorium was the result of an agreement between Rita Canelo and the Hospitaller order of San Juan de Dios ("Juaninos"). The institution was established to care for Canelo's son who suffered from a mental illness. As there were no other psychiatric facilities in Puebla at the time, Canelo acquired land at the foot of Tlachihualtepetl to build the sanatorium.[2][3]
The hospital was formally inaugurated with the blessing of Archbishop José Ramón Ibarra y González. It served as the first psychiatric institution in the state of Puebla for over a century.[2]
The Juaninos originally provided care through prayer, physical activity, and meditative practices. Later, professional medical staff were added. Patients were largely self-sufficient, maintaining farms and orchards on the hospital grounds.[4]
Closure and conversion
editThe sanatorium faced challenges during periods of national crisis, including the Mexican Revolution and the Cristero War. With advancements in psychiatry and the development of new treatments, the need for institutionalization decreased. Consequently, the sanatorium closed in 2013.[5]
The building was repurposed as the Regional Museum of Cholula.[6][7]
Architecture and grounds
editThe sanatorium's architecture reflected the late Porfirian era, incorporating French styles such as iron windows, Catalan vaults, and extensive gardens. Over time, eight pavilions were added to the complex, funded by donations. The structure was enclosed by thick adobe walls and integrated into the base of the Great Pyramid.[4]
References
edit- ^ Reynolds, Christopher (18 March 2018). "Savor Puebla, a Mexican gem known for its food and sense of style". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-07-31.
- ^ a b Fajardo Ortíz, Guillermo; López Ramírez, Edith. "Historia y Filosofía de la Medicina. Perfil histórico del Sanatorio Psiquiátrico Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (1910-2009). Cholula, Puebla" [History and Philosophy of Medicine. Historical profile of the Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Psychiatric Sanatorium (1910-2009). Cholula, Puebla] (PDF). Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. 52 (5).
- ^ González, Rafael (4 July 2022). "¿Lo recuerdas? Sanatorio Psiquiátrico "Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe" en Cholula" [Do you remember? Psychiatric Sanatorium "Our Lady of Guadalupe" in Cholula]. MILENIO. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
- ^ a b Martínez García, Luis Martín (August 2022). "Museo Regional de Cholula, la transformación de una entidad hospitalaria" [Cholula Regional Museum, the transformation of a hospital] (PDF). Poblanidades. Retrieved March 29, 2024.
- ^ Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo (1988). Cholula, la ciudad sagrada en la era industrial [Cholula, the sacred city in the industrial era]. Univerisidad Autonoma de Puebla.
- ^ Gámez Espinosa, Alejandra; Ramírez Rodríguez, Rosalba. Territorio, fiesta y ritual en las Cholulas, Puebla [Territory, festival and ritual in the Cholulas, Puebla.]. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
- ^ Reynolds, Christopher (25 March 2018). "Historic Puebla, Mexico, full of surprises after earthquake". Boston Herald. Retrieved 2024-08-05.