The Santa Fe impact structure is an eroded remnant of a bolide impact crater in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains northeast of Santa Fe, New Mexico.[1] The discovery was made in 2005 by a geologist who noticed shatter cones in the rocks in a decades-old road cut on New Mexico State Road 475 between Santa Fe and Hyde Memorial State Park. Shatter cones are a definitive indicator that the rocks had been exposed to a shock of pressures only possible in a meteor impact or a nuclear explosion.[2]
| Santa Fe impact structure | |
|---|---|
 Shatter cones at the side of Highway 475 in the Santa Fe impact structure | |
| Impact crater/structure | |
| Confidence | confirmed[1] |
| Diameter | 6 kilometres (3.7 mi)-13 kilometres (8.1 mi) |
| Age | less than 1.2 billion years |
| Exposed | no |
| Drilled | no |
| Location | |
| Location | Sangre de Cristo Mountains |
| Coordinates | 35°43′41″N 105°51′51″W / 35.7281167°N 105.8642106°W |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Mexico |
| District | Santa Fe County |
  Santa Fe impact structure Location of Santa Fe impact structure in New Mexico | |
| Access | SR475 northeast of Santa Fe |
It is called an "impact structure" and not a crater because it is so deeply eroded. Current estimates place the age of the impact between 1.4 and 1.6 billion years. Only the crater's basement rocks remain on the surface in the mountains today. The estimated diameter of the original impact crater is 6 to 13 kilometers (4 to 8 mi).[3] The shatter cones occur for about 1 mile (1.6 km) along the highway, which is interpreted to coincide with a central area within a crater of greater diameter.[4][5]
References
edit- ^ a b "Santa Fe". Earth Impact Database. Planetary and Space Science Centre University of New Brunswick Fredericton. Retrieved 2017-10-01.
- ^ French, Bevan M. (1998). Traces of catastrophe. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
- ^ Fackelman, Siobhan P.; Morrow, Jared R.; Koeberl, Christian; McElvain, Thornton H. (June 2008). "Shatter cone and microscopic shock-alteration evidence for a post-Paleoproterozoic terrestrial impact structure near Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 270 (3–4): 290–299. Bibcode:2008E&PSL.270..290F. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.033.
- ^ Fackelman, S.P.; T. H. McElvain; J. R. Morrow; C. Koeberl (2007). "Shatter Cone Exposures Indicate a New Bolide Impact Structure near Santa Fe, New Mexico" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
- ^ Tegtmeier, E. L.; H. E. Newsom; W. E. Elston; T. H. McElvain (2008). "Breccias and geological setting of the Santa Fe, New Mexico USA impact structure" (PDF). Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution IV. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
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