Sarvanivāraṇaviṣkambhin

Sarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhin
Sarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhin
Sanskrit	सर्वनिवारणविष्कम्भिन् ; Sarvanivāraṇaviṣkambhin
Chinese	(Traditional); 除蓋障菩薩; (Simplified); 除盖障菩萨; (Pinyin: Chúgàizhàng Púsà); ; (Traditional); 凈諸業障菩薩; (Simplified); 净诸业障菩萨; (Pinyin: Jìngzhūyèzhàng Púsà)
Japanese	除蓋障菩薩（じょがいしょうぼさつ） ; (romaji: Jogaishō Bosatsu)
Korean	정제업장보살; (RR: Jeongje'eobjang Bosal); 제개장보살; (RR: Jegaejang Bosal)
Tibetan	སྒྲིབ་པ་རྣམ་སེལ་; Wylie: sgrib pa rnam sel; THL: dribpa nam sel
Vietnamese	Trừ Cái Chướng Bồ Tát
Information
Venerated by	Mahāyāna, Vajrayāna
	Religion portal

Sarvanīvaraṇaviṣkambhin is a bodhisattva revered in Mahāyāna Buddhism. He is one of the Eight Great Bodhisattvas with Mañjuśrī, Samantabhadra, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta, Ākāśagarbha, Kṣitigarbha and Maitreya. His name means "He who blocks (viṣkambhin) all of the hindrances (sarva nivāraṇa)."

Role

He is invoked to remove or eliminate all the obstacles to insure a successful meditation.

Nivāraṇa

Although the eight Mahāsattvas belong to the current Mahāyāna, the term nivāraṇa is most commonly used in the Theravada texts where it refers to the five mental obstacles: desire (kamacchanda), hostility (vyapada), laziness (thinamiddha), distraction and worry (uddhachcha-kukuchcha), doubts (vichikicha) towards the Three Jewels. Sarvanivāraṇaviṣkambhi is best known to meditators and is not an important subject to individual worship like the other seven mahāsattvas. In terms of the name of the bodhisattva himself, the word is most often spelt in the irregular form nīvaraṇa.

In Vajrayāna

In Tantric Buddhism, he is usually placed in the lineage of Amoghasiddhi Buddha, one of the five Dhyani Buddhas, more rarely of Akshobhya Buddha. He is sometimes considered a form of Vajrapāṇi, though this is most likely a confusion with the mahāsattva Mahāsthāmāprāpta which Vajrapāṇi is one of its incarnations.

Iconography

In iconography, he has often a flower in one hand, sometimes with a wishing gem (cintāmaṇi).

Sutras concerned

He is mentioned in the Lotus Sutra, in which he pays homage to Avalokiteśvara, and in the Mahavairocana Tantra. He is also the main interlocutor in Ratnamegha and Tathāgata-guṇa-jñānācintya-viṣayāvatāra-nirdeśa sutras.

Mantra

The mantra of this great bodhisattva to remove all obstacles and disturbances mentioned in the Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra is as follows:

namaḥ samantabuddhānāṃ/ aḥ/ sattva hitābhyudgata/ traṃ/ traṃ/ raṃ/ raṃ/ svāhā^[1]

In the Dharanisamgraha (Collected Dharanis), the bodhisattva's spell is:

om̐ namaḥ sarvanivaraṇaviṣkambhine bodhisattvāya mahāsattvāya/ tadyathā/ om̐ sarvanivaraṇa-viṣkambhine sarvapāpāvaraṇaṁ viśodhaya 2 hūm̐ phaṭ svāhā^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Giebel, Rolf (2005). Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra (First ed.). Berkeley, California, USA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-886439-32-0.