The Serjeant at Arms of the House of Commons is a parliamentary official responsible for order in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The office dates to 1415 and traditionally included responsibility for security. The role is now mainly ceremonial.
| Serjeant at Arms of the House of Commons | |
|---|---|
 | |
.jpg) | |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | |
| Reports to | Clerk of the Parliaments |
| Appointer | The Crown (de jure) Clerk of the Parliaments (de facto) |
| Formation | 1415 |
| First holder | Nicholas Maundit |
| Website | Serjeant at Arms |
The House of Lords also had a Serjeant-at-Arms (the title was often distinguished by the use of hyphens), dating also from the 15th century. His duties were merged in 1971 with those of Black Rod.[2]
Traditionally the post of Serjeant-at-Arms was filled by a retired military officer, but in 2008 a civil servant, Jill Pay, was selected as the first woman to hold the appointment.[3] At the same time the job was split, with many of the duties transferred to the new post of chief executive.[citation needed]
Ugbana Oyet holds the post as of October 2022[update].[1]
Duties
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The duties of the Serjeant at Arms are partly ceremonial. The Serjeant at Arms carries the mace during the opening of Parliament and is also responsible for maintaining order during debates in the House of Commons, escorting members out of the chamber if ordered to do so by the Speaker.
In rare cases, the Serjeant at Arms may be called upon to enforce the warrants of the Speaker in summoning a witness to testify before a select committee of the house. While serving the warrant and encouraging a witness to attend parliament "the Serjeant or his appointee may call on the full assistance of the civil authorities, including the police."[4] In January 1992, the Serjeant at Arms was employed to summon Ian and Kevin Maxwell, the sons of the disgraced business tycoon Robert Maxwell, to attend an inquiry held by the Social Security Select Committee into the operation of the Mirror Group Pension fund.[4] In November 2018, the Serjeant at Arms was called upon to escort an American businessman, who was staying in London, to the Houses of Parliament because he had documents pertaining to the Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal. After being told he could face arrest, fines and imprisonment for failing to comply with a parliamentary order to hand over the documents, the man eventually complied with the request.[5]
Dress
editThe Serjeant at Arms wears traditional court dress and carries a sword,[6] and is traditionally the only person allowed to be armed (with sword or mace) inside the chamber of the House of Commons.[7]
List of Serjeants at Arms
edit
- 1415–: Nicholas Maundit
- 1513–c.1540: David Cecil
- 1610–: Edward Grimeston
- Edward Dendy Senior
- c.1645: Edward Dendy Junior
- 1648–1660: Edward Birkhead[8]
- 1660–1675: Sir James Norfolk[9]
- 1675–1693: William Bishop[9]
- 1693–1709: Samuel Powell[9]
- 1709–1717: Thomas Wybergh[9]
- 1717–1737: Thomas Spence[10]
- 1737–1762: Wentworth Odiarne[9]
- 1762–1775: Nicholas Bonfoy[10]
- 1775–1805: Edward Colman[10]
- 1805–1811: Francis John Colman[9]
- 1812–1812: John Clementson[9]
- 1812–1835: Henry Seymour[9]
- 1835–1848: Major-General Sir William Gosset[10]
- 1848–1875: Lord Charles James Fox Russell
- 1875–1885: Sir Ralph Allen Gosset KCB[11]
- 1885–1915: Sir David Erskine KCVO
- 1915–1935: Admiral Sir Colin Richard Keppel GCVO KCIE CB DSO
- 1935–1957: Sir Charles Howard, GCVO DSO
- 1957–1962: Major-General Sir Ivor Thomas Percival Hughes KCVO CB DSO
- 1962–1976: Rear-Admiral Sir Alexander Gordon-Lennox KCVO CB DSO
- 1976–1982: Sir Peter Francis Thorne KCVO CBE
- 1982–1989: Sir Victor Le Fanu KCVO
- 1989–1995: Sir Alan Urwick KCVO, CMG
- 1995–1999: Sir Peter Jennings CVO
- 2000–2005: Sir Michael Cummins
- 2005–2007: Major-General Peter Grant Peterkin CB, OBE
- 2008–2012: Jill Pay
- 2012–2015: Lawrence Ward
- 2015–2019: Kamal El-Hajji BEM[12]
- 2019–present: Ugbana Oyet[13]
See also
editExternal links
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Appointment confirmed by BBC Parliament.
- ^ "House of Lords; Serjeant-at-Arms". parliament.uk.
- ^ Walker, Peter (3 December 2008). "Profile: Jill Pay, serjeant at arms | Damian Green". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ a b "House of Commons Information Office: Disciplinary and Penal Powers of the House" (PDF). www.parliament.uk. September 2010.
- ^ "Facebook documents seized by MPs investigating privacy breach". BBC News. 25 November 2018.
- ^ Serjeant at Arms Archived 9 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "From postman to Serjeant at Arms". BBC News. 27 November 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ Twickenham Museum: The history centre for Twickenham, Whitton, Teddington and the Hamptons[1], states: Edward Birkhead (d.1662), Quaker Magistrate and a principal landowner in the parish of Twickenham, the fourth of 11 children was appointed Serjeant-at-Arms in the House of Commons in 1648, under Cromwell's Protectorate. he was replaced, in 1660 by James Norfolk, on the accession of Charles II.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Serjeants at Arms to the Speaker" (PDF). pp. 14–20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ a b c d History of Parliament
- ^ "Captain Gosset has resigned". The Spectator. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ "New Serjeant at Arms appointed". BBC News.
- ^ "Ugbana Oyet announced as new Serjeant at Arms". UK Parliament. London. 15 October 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.