Sh 2-174
| Nebula | |
|---|---|
| Planetary Nebula | |
 Sh 2-174 imaged by Nicholas U. Mayall Telescope | |
| Observation data: epoch | |
| Right ascension | 23h 45m 2.27s[1] |
| Declination | +80° 56′ 59.6″[1] |
| Distance | 980[2] ly |
| Designations | SH 2-174, LBN 598, PK 120+18 1, PN G120.3+18.3[1] |
Sh 2-174 (also known as Valentine Rose Nebula) is a planetary nebula located in the constellation of Cepheus. It is one of the northernmost objects in the Sharpless catalog and has been the subject of debate regarding whether it is a planetary nebula interacting with the interstellar medium or an emission nebula ionized by a hot white dwarf.[3]
Discovery
[edit]Stewart Sharpless cataloged the object in 1959 as part of his Sharpless catalog of H II regions, based on red-sensitive photographic plates from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey.[4] He described it as a faint irregular nebula with a maximum diameter of about 10 arcminutes.[4]
Observations
[edit]The white dwarf was catalogued as GD 561 (WD 2342+806).[5] It was first identified by American astronomer Henry L. Giclas in 1970.[6] In 1993, R. Napiwotzki and D. Schönberner's observation of GD 561 showed similarities to the central stars of other known planetary nebulae such as Sh 2-216 and the Helix Nebula.[7] In 1994, R.W. Tweedy and R. Napiwotzki confirmed the physical association between the planetary nebula and white dwarf GD 561 and found the white dwarf was outside the planetary nebula.[2]
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 "Sh 2-174". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
- 1 2 Tweedy, R. W.; Napiwotzki, R. (1994). "The planetary nebula abandoned by its central star". The Astronomical Journal. 108: 978. doi:10.1086/117127.
- ↑ Ransom, R. R.; Kothes, R.; Geisbuesch, J.; Reich, W.; Landecker, T. L. (2015-01-29). "THE EMISSION NEBULA Sh 2-174: A RADIO INVESTIGATION OF THE SURROUNDING REGION". The Astrophysical Journal. 799 (2): 198. arXiv:1412.5658. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/198. ISSN 1538-4357.
- 1 2 "Valentine Rose Nebula (Sh 2-174) | Deep⋆Sky Corner". www.deepskycorner.ch. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
- ↑ "GD 561". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
- ↑ "A list of white dwarf suspects III : special objects of small proper motion from the Lowell survey". ui.adsabs.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
- ↑ "Spectroscopic investigation of old planetaries. III. Spectral types, magnitudes, and distances". ui.adsabs.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2026-07-30.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Sh 2-174 at Wikimedia Commons
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