Shamsunnahar Mahmud (c. 1908 — April 10, 1964) was a writer, politician and educator in Bengal during the early 20th century. She was a leader of the women's rights movement in Bengal pioneered by Begum Rokeya.[1] Shamsunnahar Hall of the University of Dhaka and University of Chittagong was named after her.[2]
Shamsunnahar Mahmud | |
---|---|
শামসুন্নাহার মাহমুদ | |
Member of 3rd National Assembly | |
In office 1962–1965 | |
President | Ayub Khan |
Succeeded by | Dolly Azad |
Constituency | NE-77 (Women's Reserved Seat-II) |
Personal details | |
Born | 1908 Guthuma, Bengal Province, British India |
Died | 10 April 1964 Dacca, East Pakistan, Pakistan | (aged 55–56)
Children | Mamun Mahmud |
Parent | Mohammad Nurullah |
Relatives | Abdul Aziz (grandfather), Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury (brother) |
Alma mater | Dr. Khastagir Government Girls' High School Diocesan College |
Occupation | Writer, politician and educator |
Early life and education
editMahmud was born in 1908 in North Guthuma village, in what is now Parshuram Upazila of Feni District, Bangladesh. Her father, Mohammad Nurullah, was a munsiff. Khan Bahadur Abdul Aziz was her grandfather. Her brother, Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury was a politician.[2]
Mahmud started her studies at Dr. Khastagir Government Girls' School in Chittagong, and matriculated in 1926 as a private candidate. She received her I.A. in 1928 and B.A. in 1932 at the Diocesan College of Calcutta.[3] In 1942, she completed her M.A. in Bengali literature. After her studies she joined the women's rights movement led by Begum Rokeya.[2]
Career
editMahmud started her career as a teacher of Bengali literature at Lady Brabourne College. She worked as secretary to the Nikhil Banga Muslim Mahila Samity (All Bengal Muslim Women's Society). She visited Turkey and the Middle East as a representative of East Pakistan in 1952. She was elected member of the National Assembly in 1962.[2]
In 1961, she initiated the establishment of "The Centre for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Children".[2] She led a delegation to the International Council of Women in Colombo and joined the International Friendship Organization as Asia's regional director.[citation needed]
Personal life
editShe married Wahiduddin Mahmud in 1927. They had met in Calcutta two years ago when she was a teenager.[4] He was the Surgeon General of then East Pakistan. Together they had two sons, Mamun Mahmud, a martyred freedom fighter during the 1971 Liberation war of Bangladesh, and Mainuddin Mahmud, a cricketer, and sports enthusiast.[citation needed]
Works
editMahmud's first poem was published in a juvenile monthly magazine, Angur. She edited the women's sections of the magazines, Nauroj and Atmashakti. Together with her brother, Habibullah, she edited the magazine Bulbul (1933) which was published from Kolkata.[citation needed]
Books
edit- Punyamayi (1925)
- Phulbagicha (1935)
- Begum Mahal (1936)
- Roquia Jibani (1937; the first biography of Begum Rokeya)
- Shishur Shiksa (1939)
- Amar Dekha Turaska (1956)
- Nazrulke Jeman Dekhechhi (1958)
Legacy
editAfter Mahmud's death, the women's hall of the University of Dhaka,University of Chittagong were named Shamsunnahar Hall.[2] She was awarded Independence Day Award in 1981 by the Government of Bangladesh for her contribution to social work.
References
edit- ^ Banu, U. A. B. Razia Akter (1992). Islam in Bangladesh. BRILL. p. 135. ISBN 90-04-09497-0.
Begum Shamsunnahar Mahmud carried Rokeya's torch in former East Pakistan from 1950 to the 1960s.
- ^ a b c d e f AKM Saifuzzaman (2012). "Mahmud, Shamsunnahar". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
- ^ Amin, Sonia (1996). The World of Muslim Women in Colonial Bengal, 1876-1939. BRILL. p. 159. ISBN 90-04-10642-1.
- ^ Paul, Sreejata (4 July 2024). "Writing Rokeya: Muslim Women's Life-Writing, Intergenerational Camaraderie and Activism in Twentieth Century Bengal". South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies: 1–15. doi:10.1080/00856401.2024.2365522. ISSN 0085-6401.