The Shibayama Railway Company, Ltd. (芝山鉄道株式会社, Shibayama Tetsudō kabushiki-gaisha) is a third-sector railway company in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. It operates Japan's shortest independent railway line, the 2.2 km (1.4 mi) Shibayama Railway Line between Higashi-Narita Station and Shibayama-Chiyoda Station, largely underneath Narita International Airport.
| Shibayama Railway Line | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 A Keisei 3500 series EMU in Higashi Narita Station in July 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overview | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owner | Shibayama Railway Co., Ltd. (Narita International Airport Corporation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locale | Chiba Prefecture, Japan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Termini | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stations | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| System | Functionally part of Keisei Electric Railway network | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operator(s) | Shibayama Railway, by Keisei Electric Railway crews | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rolling stock | Keisei 3500 series EMU | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Daily ridership | 1,419 (2023)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opened | October 22, 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Line length | 2.2 km (1.4 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrification | 1,500 V DC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating speed | 85 km/h (53 mph) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Narita International Airport Corporation owns a 68.40% majority stake in Shibayama Railway as of March 2019. The remainder is owned by Keisei Electric Railway, Japan Airlines, the prefectural government, and others.[2]
Stations and operation
editAlthough the Shibayama Railway is an independent operator, it functionally resembles an extension of the Keisei Electric Railway Higashi-Narita Line, as all trains provide through service to lines owned by Keisei.[3] the line is operated using equipment and crews leased from Keisei, and the company has no crews directly employed by the company.[4] However, IC cards are not accepted on this route, unlike most of railway lines operated by Keisei.[5] Most Shibayama Railway trains provide local service to Keisei Narita Station past Higashi-Narita, and express trains operate during rush hours through the Keisei Line from Haneda Airport Terminal 1·2 Station.[6] The adult fare between Higashi-Narita and Shibayama-Chiyoda is 220 yen (110 yen for kids).[7]
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A series 5300 of Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation listing the destination as "(Higashi Narita) Shibayama"
| No. | Station | Japanese | Distance | Transfers | Location | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Between stations |
Total | |||||
| KS44 | Higashi-Narita | 東成田 | - | 0.0 km (0 mi) | Keisei Higashi-Narita Line | Narita, Chiba |
| SR01 | Shibayama-Chiyoda | 芝山千代田 | 2.2 km (1.4 mi) | 2.2 km (1.4 mi) | Shibayama, Chiba | |
History
editShibayama Railway was founded on May 1, 1981, and received an operating permit on June 24, 1988, for the 2.0 km line between Shibatetsu Narita Airport Station (Now a part of Higashi-Narita Station) and Seibijyō-Mae Station (later renamed to Shibayama-Chiyoda)[8] to use dedicated small train sets between the current Shibayama-Chiyoda Station site and the former Narita Airport Station.[9] In 1990, the railway applied for a permit to operate through service with the Keisei Railway from Keisei Narita Station; construction of a through link was approved in 1996.[10] The Narita Shinkansen plan came to a permanent halt around this time, and the Keisei Electric Railway built a new line towards the terminal of Narita International Airport using the abandoned buildings for the plan, making the route from Keisei Narita Station to the old Narita International Airport station a new line named Keisei Higashi-Narita Line.[11][12] The line began construction in 1998.[13] However, the railway line was forced to extend the line by a further 0.2 km due to problems with buying land in 2000, and the name of the new station was chosen to be Shibayama-Chiyoda on the same year.[6] The line opened for operation on October 27, 2002.[9]
The construction of the railway was strongly demanded by Shibayama residents[14] and was supported by the Transport Ministry and Narita Airport Authority to appease residents of the area immediately east of Narita International Airport, as the airport property cut off Shibayama's access to Narita City and points west.[6][15]
There was a proposal to extend the line into Chiyoda until 1996. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has recommended studying an extension into central Shibayama Town.[16]
Line
editThe company operates a single line.
Shibayama Railway Line Higashi-Narita - Shibayama-Chiyoda 2.2 km (1.4 mi)[3]
The Shibayama Railway Line advertises itself as the shortest railway line in Japan and gives out certificates for using the line for free.[3] However, the Kurama-dera Cable is the shortest cable car line in Japan with a length of 207 meters (0.1 mi),[17] and Seinō Railway operates the shortest freight-only railway line with an operational length of 1.3 km (0.8 mi).[18][19]
Rolling stock
edit
The rolling stocks currently used by the Shibayama Railway are all leased from the Keisei Electric Railways.[20] The company has been using a Keisei 3500 series since 2013. In 2022, the train's wrapping was changed to use red and green stripes, resembling the former 3600 series used on the line until 2013. During the time 3600 series was used by the Shibayama Railway, the train color was changed from Keisei's blue and red color scheme to red and green, the scheme used in the company's logo. This change was reverted when it was returned to Keisei.[21][22]
Location
editCitation:[23]
References
edit- ^ "駅情報". 芝山鉄道 | 日本一短い鉄道 (in Japanese). Retrieved July 11, 2024.
- ^ 国土交通省鉄道局監修『鉄道要覧』令和元年度版、電気車研究会・鉄道図書刊行会
- ^ a b c "乗ったら終点、駅ふたつしかない鉄道なぜ誕生？ 東西2社、共通点は「トンネル」". 乗りものニュース (in Japanese). December 7, 2017. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
- ^ "鉄道で行く千葉 第3回 芝山鉄道" (PDF). Retrieved July 10, 2024.
- ^ "「日本一短い鉄道」どんな路線？所要時間わずか3分 成田空港の知られざるミニ鉄道". 乗りものニュース (in Japanese). June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
- ^ a b c "「日本一短い鉄道」芝山鉄道の開業から20年 誕生の理由と「将来」は". 乗りものニュース (in Japanese). October 26, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
- ^ Timetable
- ^ "芝山鉄道に免許". 千葉日報 (千葉日報社). June 25, 1988
- ^ a b 会社概要, Shibayama Railway
- ^ "京成成田駅乗り入れ 「芝山鉄道」運輸省が認可”. 千葉日報 (千葉日報社). (14 April 1990)
- ^ "都心と空直結 成田空港地下駅が開業". The Asahi Shimbun. March 19, 1991.
- ^ "待望の成田高速鉄道が開業 空港と直結、都心へ1時間 新アクセス門出祝う". Chiba Nippo. March 20, 1991.
- ^ "鉄道ピクトリアル" 第48巻第4号、電気車研究会、April 1998 110p.
- ^ "地域振興 | 成田国際空港株式会社". www.naa.jp. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
- ^ "地域と共生する空港づくり大綱 4．地域づくり | 成田国際空港株式会社". www.naa.jp. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
- ^ 首都圏整備計画, MLIT, September 2006
- ^ "日本唯一、お寺が運営する鉄道 距離も日本最短 しかし「乗ることを勧められない」ワケ". 乗りものニュース (in Japanese). September 18, 2018. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
- ^ "【公式】 西濃鉄道株式会社". seinorailway.web.fc2.com. Retrieved July 8, 2024.
- ^ "西濃鉄道が一部廃止で「日本最短」事業者に 石灰石運ぶ岐阜の貨物線を運営 | 鉄道ニュース【鉄道プレスネット】" (in Japanese). November 4, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
- ^ 所属車両を変更します - 芝山鉄道ホームページお知らせ March 28, 2013
- ^ "京成電鉄の車両・列車(2) 3600形、かつて芝山鉄道にリースされた編成も". マイナビニュース (in Japanese). January 14, 2015. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
- ^ "芝山鉄道 | 日本一短い鉄道". 芝山鉄道オフィシャルサイト (in Japanese). Retrieved June 26, 2024.
- ^ "Higashi-Narita Station to Shibayamachiyoda Station". Higashi-Narita Station to Shibayamachiyoda Station. Retrieved October 4, 2024.