Shizuoka Sengen Shrine

Shizuoka Sengen Jinja
静岡浅間神社
Shizuoka Sengen Jinja; 静岡浅間神社
	Prayer Hall of Shizuoka Sengen Jinja
Religion
Affiliation	Shinto
Deity	Ohnamuchi-no-Mikoto ; Konohanasakuya-hime,; Ohtoshimioya-no-Mikoto
Type	Asama shrine
Location
Location	102-1 Miyagasaki-chō, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0868
	Shown within Shizuoka Prefecture Shizuoka Sengen Shrine (Japan)
Geographic coordinates	34°59′01″N 138°22′31″E / 34.98361°N 138.37528°E
Website
	www.shizuokasengen.net
	Glossary of Shinto

Shizuoka Sengen Jinja (静岡浅間神社) is the name for a collective group of three Shinto shrines now forming a single religious corporation, located at Mount Shizuhata in Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. These shrines are the Kanbe Jinja (神部神社), Sengen Jinja (浅間神社), and Ōtoshimioya Jinja (大歳御祖神社). The main festival of the shrine is held annually on April 5.

It is the Sōja shrine of Suruga Province.

Enshrined kami

The primary kami of Kambe Jinja is the Ohnamuchi-no-Mikoto, who is regarded as the mythical founding deity of Suruga Province.

The primary kami of Sengen Jinja is the Konohanasakuya-hime, the deity of Mount Fuji.

The primary kami of Ohtoshimioya Shrine is the Ohtoshimioya-no-Mikoto (大歳御祖命), who appears in the Kojiki as a wife of Susano-o, and a kami protecting markets and commerce.

History

The date of the Shizuoka Sengen Jinja's foundation is unknown. The area has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and a Kofun period burial mound has been excavated at Mount Shizuhata. Per the Nihon Shoki, the area was colonized by the Hata clan during this period. According to unsubstantiated shrine legend, the foundation of the Kanbe Jinja dates to the reign of Emperor Sujin, that of the Ōtoshimioya Shrine to the reign of Emperor Ōjin, both from the Kofun period.

Per the Engishiki records, Kanbe Jinja was given national recognition and status of the Sōja of Suruga Province in the Heian period. Also, the date of 901 is given for the foundation of the Sengen Jinja, as a subsidiary branch of the Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha, and initially was referred to as the "Shingu" (new shrine).

Through the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the shrines enjoyed the patronage of the powerful warrior clans who dominated the Suruga area: the Minamoto clan, Hōjō clan, Imagawa clan, Takeda clan and the Tokugawa clan. In particular, the first Tokugawa shōgun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, sponsored the rebuilding of the shrines after his retirement to nearby Sumpu Castle, and subsequent shōguns continued to worship at the shrines throughout the Edo period. The 3rd shōgun, Tokugawa Iemitsu, granted the shrines lands with 2313 koku in revenue for their upkeep. However, the shrine complex burned down in a fire of 1804. It was rebuilt over a 60-year period at a cost of over 100,000 gold ryō by the Tokugawa shogunate in its flamboyant Momoyama style, with extensive use of lacquer, wood carvings, and gold leaf. Today, 26 structures in the shrine complex are protected by the national government as Important Cultural Properties, forming one of the largest such complexes in the country.

In the modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines, Shizuoka Sengen was listed among the 3rd class of nationally significant shrines or kokuhei-shōsha (国幣小社).

Subsidiary shrines

In addition to the three main shrines, the Shizuoka Sengen Jinja complex also has four subsidiary shrines:

Hayama Jinja (麓山神社) dedicated to Ōyamatsumi-no-Mikoto and to Yamato Takeru. It was founded in 1878
Yachiho Jinja (八千戈神社), an amalgamation of 18 small shrines and 13 small chapels found in the surrounding area. It was founded in 1873.
Sukunahiko Jinja (少彦名神社), formerly the Yakushi-do of Kambe Jinja, turned into a shrine in Meiji period due to separation of Buddhism from Shinto.
Tamahoko Jinja (玉鉾神) dedicated to the four main Edo period kokugaku scholars.

Cultural properties

Today, 26 structures in the shrine complex are protected by the national government as Important Cultural Properties (ICP), forming one of the largest such complexes in the country.

The shrine has a small museum, which displays finds from the Shizuhatayama Kofun archaeological site, artifacts pertaining to Tokugawa Ieyasu and the history of the shrine, as well as the shrine's non-structural ICPs, including a Muromachi-period tachi Japanese sword and 17 diagrams of the shrine prior to its late Edo-period rebuilding.

Notes

References

Nihon 100 no Jinja (19885). Nihon Kotsu Kosha, Tokyo
Plutschow, Herbe. Matsuri: The Festivals of Japan. RoutledgeCurzon (1996) ISBN 1-873410-63-8