Sianowo [ɕaˈnɔvɔ] (Kashubian: Sjónowò)[1] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.[2][3] It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Kartuzy and 36 km (22 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. It is located on the eastern shore of Sianowskie Lake, within the ethnocultural region of Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania.
Sianowo | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 | |
  Sianowo | |
| Coordinates: 54°23′17″N 18°5′20″E / 54.38806°N 18.08889°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Kartuzy |
| Gmina | Kartuzy |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | GKA |
History
editOrigin
editThe Sanctuary of The Queen of the Kashubs in Sianowo church[4] is currently the biggest in Kashubia.
The first mention of Sianowo dates to 1348. In 1480, the church burned in a fire; however, The Madonna of Swionowo, a finely crafted statue, was saved. After the fire, the parish of Sianowo became a part of Strzepcz parish, although the church was later rebuilt. Around this time, the veneration of "The Mother of God" grew in popularity. Sources[who?] claim that, by the 15th century, a host of people were already making pilgrimages to Sianowo for blessings. Sianowo was a royal village of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Mirachowo County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.[5]
Nineteenth century
editThis section includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (December 2016) |
In 1810, for the second time, the church was destroyed by fire. The statue was once again saved and moved to Strzepcz.
The parish priest of Strzepcz did not want to rebuild the Sianowo church. However, The Madonna was shown to a woman who prophesied that it was absolutely necessary to rebuild the church, and that doing otherwise would lead to bad luck. This testimony was given under oath in the presence of the priest. The church was then quickly rebuilt and the number of worshipers rapidly grew.
In 1864, the Sianowo parish was installed for the second time. Sources from that time state that Many lame and crippled who come are cured because of the Madonna. The maimed left their crutches and sticks in Sianowo; young people who wished to be married willingly made pilgrimages; soldiers reporting to the battlefields of World War II sought blessings. It is believed that they repeatedly owed their miraculous rescue to Her.
World War II
editDuring the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1939, some inhabitants of Sianowo were among the victims of a massacre of Poles committed by the Germans in nearby Kaliska as part of the Intelligenzaktion.[6] In 1941 and 1943, the German police and SS carried out expulsions of Poles, who were deported to the Potulice concentration camp, while their farms were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.[7]
Post-war period
edit
Franciszek Grucza (1911–1993), was an outstanding priest, and translated the Gospels into the Kashubian language. His and many other testimonies led Chełmno Kazimierz Bishop Józef Kowalski to address a request (1965) to Pope Paul VI to crown the miraculous statue as the Queen of the Kashubes. The Pope agreed to this request and the coronation occurred on September 4, 1966. Many bishops and a great number of Kashubians assembled. From this time, veneration further grew. In 1987, Pope John Paul II christened Sianowo as an important place for Kashubian religious worship. He told:[8]"All of you, your families and your troubles I put to the feet of Christ's Mother, hallowed in many sanctuaries of this land, and especially in Sianowo ...".[9]
The Pilgrims' Square, where approximately 20,000 people assemble every year to celebrate the July church festival, has been restored. For the festival, about 40 companies of pilgrims arrive on foot each year. Pilgrims from Miastko cover the longest route of 120 km. Pilgrims willingly emphasize their Kashubian roots, and several of them arrive in their traditional dresses. They carry props and banners bearing witness to their attachment to the Catholic faith and the Kashubian identity. At each church festival, a part of the liturgy is in the Kashubian language.
In 2016 Wilno church received a replica statue of Our Lady of Sianowo, Queen of Kaszebe from the Parish of Sianowo.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Lista gmin wpisanych na podstawie art. 12 ustawy z dnia 6 stycznia 2005 r. o mniejszościach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o języku regionalnym (Dz. U. z 2015 r. poz. 573) do Rejestru gmin, na których obszarze używane są nazwy w języku mniejszości" (PDF). mswia.gov.pl. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-04-26.
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ^ Czajkowski M.: Powiat Kartuski : Szwajcaria Kaszubska / Kaszëbskô Szwajcarëjô. Bydgoszcz 2003
- ^ Bilińscy A.,W. (1998) Kaszuby, Kashubia, Kaschuby. "Parol" Kraków, p. 68
- ^ Biskup, Marian; Tomczak, Andrzej (1955). Mapy województwa pomorskiego w drugiej połowie XVI w. (in Polish). Toruń. p. 94.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. p. 154.
- ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. pp. 108, 132–133. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
- ^ "Celebrazione della Parola con la gente del mare, 11 giugno 1987 | John Paul II".
- ^ "Geografia: - IGiGP UJ - Peregrinus Cracoviensis". www.geo.uj.edu.pl. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24.
- ^ "Queen of Zaszebe finds home in Wilno church | Pembroke Daily Observer". www.thedailyobserver.ca. Archived from the original on 2016-08-05.
External links
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- (in English) "Religion and the Kashubian People in Canada". Kashub.com. 2008-08-02. Retrieved 2013-05-19.
- „Lëdowô Nóta" from Canada
- Sanctuary
- 2013