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Sida acuta, the common wireweed,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is believed to have originated in Central America, but today has a pantropical distribution and is considered a weed in some areas.[4]
| Common wireweed | |
|---|---|
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| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Genus: | Sida |
| Species: | S. acuta
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sida acuta | |
| Synonyms | |
In northern Australia, Sida acuta is considered an invasive species, and the beetle Calligrapha pantherina has been introduced as a biological control agent in an attempt to control the plant.[5]
Description
editPlant
editUndershrub, with mucilaginous juice, aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, solid, green.
Leaves
editAlternate, simple, lanceolate to linear, rarely ovate to oblong, obtuse at the base, acute at the apex, coarsely and remotely serrate; petiole much shorter than the blade; stipulate, stipules free-lateral, unequally paired at the node, reticulate venation.
Inflorescence
editCymose
Flower
editSmall, axillary, 2–3 in a cluster; pedicels jointed at the middle, epicalyx absent, complete, bisexual, regular, actinomorphic, hypogynus, pentamerous, yellow.
Calyx
editSepals: five, gamosepalous, campanulate, slightly accrescent, persistent, valvate.
Corolla
editPetals: five, polypetalous but slightly connate below and jointed with the staminal column, twisted.
Androecium
editStamens many, monadelphous, arranged on the staminal column; staminal column is shorter than the petals, divided above into numerous filaments, anthers monothecous, reniform, basifixed, filament short, extrorse. Pollen are spherical with spikes, size is approximately 90 microns.
Gynoecium
editCarples: five, syncarpous, ovary superior, penta or multilocular with axile placentation, one ovule in each locule; style 1, passing through the staminal tube; stigma globular, correspond to the number of carpels.
Fruit
editA schizocarpic mericarp, seed 1 in each mericarp.
Classification and identification (Bentham and Hooker's system)
editClass: Dicotyledonae
editI) Reticulate venation.
II) Flower pentamerous.
Sub-class: Polypetalae
editI) Petals free.
Series: Thalamiflorae
editI) Flower hypogynus; ovary superior.
Order: Malvales
editI) Stamens indefinite, monadelphous.
II) Ovary 5 carpellary, placentation axile.
Family: Malvaceae
editI) Plant: mucilaginous.
II) Leaves: simple with free lateral stipule.
III) Flower: bisexual, petals: five, twisted; monadelphous stamen, anther one-celled, reniform.
Genus: Sida
editI) Staminal column without teeth at apex.
II) Flowers without epicalyx.
III) Ovule 1 in each locule; seed 1 in each mericarp.
Species: S.acuta
editI) Leaf base obtuse, apex acute.
Floral formula of Sida acuta
editBr,+,K⁵,C⁵^,A_,G(⁵)
Names
editReferences
edit- ^ "Sida acuta". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Sida carpinifolia L. f." ITIS Standard Reports. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sida acuta". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
- ^ Parsons, William Thomas; Eric George Cuthbertson (2001). Noxious weeds of Australia (2 ed.). CSIRO Publishing. pp. 508–509. ISBN 978-0-643-06514-7.
- ^ Julien, M.H.; McFadyen, R.E.; Cullen, Jim (2012). Biological Control of Weeds in Australia. Csiro Publishing. pp. 525–526. ISBN 978-0-643-09993-7.
- ^ Mukherjee, H. (1981). Plant Groups (9 ed.). New Central Book Agency Pvt Ltd. p. 1111. ISBN 9788173810947.
- ^ Deb, D.B. (1981). The Flora of Tripura State Vol. I. New Delhi: Today & Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers. p. 306.