Silas Beach Hays (February 18, 1902 – July 24, 1964) was a major general who served as Surgeon General of the United States Army.
Silas Beach Hays | |
|---|---|
 Silas B. Hays, Surgeon General of the U.S. Army, 1955 | |
| Born | February 18, 1902 Saint Paul, Minnesota, US |
| Died | July 24, 1964 (aged 62) Arlington, Virginia, US |
| Place of burial | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service | United States Army |
| Years of service | 1928–1959 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Commands | Surgeon General of the US Army |
| Battles / wars | World War II Korean War |
| Awards | Distinguished Service Medal (2) Legion of Merit (2) |
Early life
editSilas Beach Hays was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on February 18, 1902,[1] and was raised in Washington, D.C. and West Chester, Pennsylvania.[2][3] He attended Iowa State University, received a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Iowa in 1925 and graduated from the University of Iowa with a medical degree in 1928.[4]
Early career
editHays completed the Reserve Officers' Training Corps and received his temporary commission in 1928 as a first lieutenant in the Medical Corps. He completed his internship at Letterman General Hospital in 1929 and received his permanent commission.[5] Hays graduated from the Army Medical School in 1930 and the Army Medical Field Service School in 1931.[6][7]
Hays specialized in urology and general surgery, and carried out assignments throughout the United States, including: Fort Dix, New Jersey; Tripler Army Medical Center; Walter Reed Army Medical Center; the U.S Soldiers Home; and the Brooklyn Army Terminal. He graduated from the Industrial College of the Armed Forces in 1940 and was assigned to the Finance and Supply Division in the Office of the Surgeon General.[8]
World War II
editHays became a recognized expert on the Army's medical supply process. During World War II, he was assigned as Director of the Distribution and Requirements Division in the Surgeon General's Supply Service, with responsibility for the acquisition, storage and issue of Army medical supplies in the continental United States.[9]
In February 1944, Hays began carrying out a study of the medical supply system in the European Theater of Operations. In May, he was assigned as Chief of the Supply Division in the Office of the European Theater's Chief Surgeon, responsible for acquiring, storing and distributing blood, plasma, penicillin and other medical supplies American service members required during combat in Europe.[10] He was promoted to brigadier general in May 1945. In 1945, Hays returned to the United States and was appointed chief of the Supply Division in the Office of the Surgeon General.[11]
Korean War
editIn May, 1950 Hays was assigned as Chief Surgeon of United States Army Pacific, and the following September he went to Japan as Chief Surgeon of the Japan Logistical Command. In this assignment he coordinated medical activities for the Korean War, including conversion of facilities to accommodate general hospital units, training and assignment of medical personnel, acquisition and distribution of medical supplies and equipment, and evacuation of the wounded and return of soldiers to duty or transfer to the United States following recovery.[12]
Post-Korean War
editIn August, 1951 Hays was appointed Deputy Surgeon General of the United States Army and returned to Washington, D.C. He was promoted to major general in 1952, and served until March 1955 when he was appointed Surgeon General.[13][14] As Surgeon General, he responded to advances in nuclear weapons by supervising efforts to develop measures for protecting Soldiers against exposure to radioactivity and treating those exposed to it. He also expanded training in management of mass casualties, and planned for construction and renovation of Army medical facilities to accommodate an Army that had increased in size substantially since the 1930s.
Hays served as Surgeon General until retiring in July 1959.[15]
Awards and decorations
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Army Distinguished Service Medal with one bronze oak leaf cluster |
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Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster |
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American Defense Service Medal |
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American Campaign Medal |
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European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal |
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World War II Victory Medal |
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Army of Occupation Medal with "Germany" and "Japan" clasps |
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National Defense Service Medal |
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Korean Service Medal with two bronze service stars |
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Ordre de la Santé publique, Officer (France)[16] |
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Croix de Guerre with bronze Palm (France, WWII) |
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United Nations Korea Medal |
| Overseas Service Bars (x3) |
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Retirement and death
editIn retirement, Hays resided in Arlington, Virginia, and was employed as Director of the Eastern Area Blood Program for the American Red Cross.[17]
He died in Arlington on July 24, 1964,[18] and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, Section 4, Grave 2914-A-1.[19][20]
Legacy
editSilas B. Hays Army Hospital at the now closed Fort Ord, California, was named for him.[21]
References
edit- ^ United States Armed Forces Medical Journal, Volume 6, Part 2. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense. 1955. p. 1074.
- ^ United States Army Medical Department, United States Armed Forces Medical Journal, Volume 6, Part 2, 1955, p. 1074
- ^ University of Pennsylvania, Annual Catalog, 1920, p. 375
- ^ Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, The Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, Volume 21, Issue 1, 1958, p. 48
- ^ New York Times, Army Medical Corps Commission Thirty; All Are Reserve Officers Who Have Completed Year's Internship of Post Hospitals, August 9, 1929
- ^ American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Volume 127, 1955, p. 190
- ^ American Academy of General Practice, General Practitioner, Volume 11, 1955, p. 33
- ^ U.S. Army Medical Department, Office of Medical History, Biography, Silas B. Hays Archived 2013-02-17 at the Wayback Machine, February 20, 2009
- ^ Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, The Military Surgeon, Volume 96, 1945, p. 106
- ^ New York Times, U.S. Men in Britain Give Blood, January 23, 1945
- ^ Center of Military History, United States Army, The Medical Department: Medical Service in the European Theater of Operations, Volume 3, Volume 6, 1992, p. 187
- ^ Military Service Publishing Company, Military Medical Manual, 1952, page 262
- ^ Portsmouth Times, Army's Top Medico is Also Supply Whiz, May 12, 1955
- ^ New York Times, Senate Confirms Nominees, March 26, 1955
- ^ New York Times, Heaton New Army Surgeon General, April 8, 1959
- ^ U.S. Army Medical Department, Office of Medical History, Biography, Silas B. Hays Archived 2013-02-17 at the Wayback Machine, February 20, 2009
- ^ New York Times, Army Medical Chief Gets Red Cross Post, June 7, 1959
- ^ New York Times, Maj. Gen. Silas Hays Dies; Ex-Army Surgeon General, July 26, 1964
- ^ Boston Globe, Silas Hays, 62, Former Army Surgeon General, July 26, 1964
- ^ Burial Detail: Hays, Silas B – ANC Explorer
- ^ United States Army Corps of Engineers, Energy Audits/energy Engineering Analysis Program: Silas B. Hays Army Community Hospital, Fort Ord, California, Draft Final Report, 1985, title page