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Sir John Shelton

For others of the same name, see John Shelton.

Sir John Shelton (1476/7 – 1539) of Shelton in Norfolk, England, was a courtier to King Henry VIII. Through his marriage to Anne Boleyn, a sister and co-heiress of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire of Blickling Hall in Norfolk, he became an uncle of Queen Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII. He was appointed comptroller of the joint household of Princesses Mary and Elizabeth, the King's daughters, and together with his wife was Governor to the King's children.

Sir John Shelton and his wife Anne Boleyn, stained glass, St Mary's Church, Shelton, Norfolk
Chest tomb of Sir John Shelton, St Mary's Church, Shelton, Norfolk

Life

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Arms of Shelton: Azure, a cross or
 
Arms of Shelton impaling Boleyn (Argent, a chevron gules between three bull's heads and necks couped sable armed or), signifying the marriage of Sir John Shelton. Stained glass window in St Mary's Church, Shelton. Also visible on his chest tomb in that church

Sir John Shelton was the son of Sir Ralph Shelton (c. January 1431 – 16 July 1497) and Margaret Clere (d. 16 January 1500), daughter of Robert Clere, esquire, of Ormesby St Michael, Norfolk, and Elizabeth Uvedale, daughter of Thomas Uvedale, esquire. Sir John had four siblings: Ralph Shelton (died 1538), who married Mary Brome (d. 29 August 1540), Richard Shelton, a priest, Elizabeth Shelton, and Alice Shelton, who married John Heveningham.[1] The family took its name from their Norfolk manor of Shelton, and held lands in East Anglia, including Shelton Hall, for three centuries before Sir John's birth.[2]

Before 1503, he married Anne Boleyn (c. 1483 – 8 January 1556), daughter of Sir William Boleyn of Blickling, Norfolk, and Lady Margaret Butler, daughter of Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond, and Anne Hankford. Sir John was appointed High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1504 and 1522, and was a Justice of the Peace for Norfolk. At the coronation of Henry VIII, Sir John was created a Knight of the Bath.[3]

He and his wife rose to prominence when Henry VIII married, as his second wife, Lady Shelton's niece, Anne Boleyn, daughter of Lady Shelton's brother, Sir Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. After Queen Anne's coronation in 1533, Lady Shelton and her sister, Lady Alice Clere (d. 1 November 1538),[4] were placed in charge of the King's daughter, Mary, at Hatfield Palace.[5] According to Block, this was likely done to pressure Mary to recognise Anne as queen.[6] The enmity and abuse meted out to Mary contributed to everlasting hatred between the Tudor court factions.[7]

By July 1536 Sir John was comptroller of the household established for Mary and Anne Boleyn's daughter, Elizabeth. Sir John and Lady Shelton were given the joint title of Governor and Governess of the Princess Elizabeth, responsible for her upbringing and education, after her mother's execution.[8] It was to Sir John Shelton the little Elizabeth uttered the words:

How haps it, Governor, yesterday my Lady Princess, and today but my Lady Elizabeth?[9]

after her mother's fall.

In August 1536, the King was reunited with his daughters at Hunsdon House, a month after Queen Anne's beheading. There is no evidence that Shelton was involved with family intrigues or of the King's dissatisfaction.[10] On 22 November 1538 he was granted the site of the former Carrow Abbey just outside Norwich. This property became the family seat.[11]

Death

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Shelton died on 21 December 1539[12] at the age of 62, and was buried in the chancel of Shelton church. He was said to have been "a man of great possessions", which he sought to pass on to his heirs contrary to the Statute of Uses. When the stratagem came to light after Shelton's death, the lawyers involved were punished, and an act of Parliament (33 Hen. 8. c. 26) was passed annulling such "crafty conveyances".[13][14]

Issue

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Shelton had three sons and seven daughters: Margaret, John, Mary, Ralph, Thomas, Anne, Gabriella, Elizabeth, Amy, and Emma.[15] His son and heir, Sir John Shelton (b. in or before 1503, d. 1558), married Margaret, the daughter of Henry Parker, 10th Baron Morley.[16] His daughter Anne married Edmund Knyvet. Another daughter, Margaret, married Thomas Wodehouse. His daughter Mary married first Sir Anthony Heaveningham, and second, Philip Appleyard,[17] the half-brother of Amy Robsart.[18] One of his daughters, thought to be either Margaret or Mary, were said to have been a mistress of King Henry VIII.[19]

Likenesses

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In 1528 the Shelton family sat for the court painter Hans Holbein.[20]

Notes

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  1. ^ Richardson I 2011, p. 391.
  2. ^ G.H. Dashwood, W.E.G.L. Bulwer (eds), The Visitation of Norfolk in the Year 1563 by William Harvey, 2 Vols (Norwich 1878, 1895), II, pp. 342-406 (Google).
  3. ^ Block 2006.
  4. ^ Weir 1991, p. 260; Richardson I 2011, p. 391.
  5. ^ Bindoff 1982, p. 312.
  6. ^ Block 2006; Weir 1991, p. 260.
  7. ^ Weir, p.34
  8. ^ Weir, p.298
  9. ^ Hibbert, Christopher (21 June 1992). The Virgin Queen: Elizabeth I, Genius Of The Golden Age (1st ed.). Cambridge, Mass: Da Capo Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-201-60817-5.
  10. ^ Weir, p.302
  11. ^ Block 2006.
  12. ^ Baker 2003, p. 681.
  13. ^ Bindoff 1982, p. 312; Block 2006; Baker 2003, p. 681.
  14. ^ Baker states that the lawyers involved were [Sir] Humphrey Browne, Sir Nicholas Hare, William Coningsby, and Edmund Grey.
  15. ^ G.E.Cokayne, The Complete Peerage
  16. ^ Bindoff 1982, p. 312
  17. ^ Heale 2004
  18. ^ "APPLEYARD, Philip (b.c.1528), of Shropham, nr. Thetford, Norf. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  19. ^ Weir 1991, p. 277.
  20. ^ Porter, Mary Tudor; Wilson, Holbein; Weir, The Lady, p.34

References

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