Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet

Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet (12 January 1727 – 20 March 1814) was an English Tory politician and abolitionist.^[1]

He was born in Finedon, Northamptonshire, the only surviving son of Sir John Dolben, 2nd Baronet and his wife Elizabeth Digby (died 1730), daughter of William Digby, 5th Baron Digby and Lady Jane Noel. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating in 1744. After leaving Oxford he married in 1748 Judith, daughter of Somerset English, heiress to a considerable fortune. In 1756 he inherited the baronetcy on the death of his father.^[2]

He was appointed High Sheriff of Northamptonshire for 1760 and in 1766 a verderer of Rockingham Forest. After a short period in early 1768 as a stopgap MP for Oxford University, he was returned at the general election in March 1768 as MP for Northamptonshire from 1768 to 1774. In 1780 he was re-adopted by the university and represented them again from 1780 until 1806. On 20 April 1797, he was appointed captain in the Northamptonshire volunteer cavalry regiment.^[3]

During his long parliamentary career as an independent MP, he was a fervent advocate of parliamentary reform and the abolition of slavery. He took up the abolitionist cause after he chanced to visit a slave ship docked in the port of London; the conditions he found on the ship so horrified him that he resolved at once to work for abolition.^[4]

The slave ship he documented, the Brookes, became infamous for the depictions that were drawn and published by Thomas Clarkson to support the anti-slavery movement. With the support of other abolitionists like William Pitt, Dolben put forward a bill (Dolben's Bill) in 1788 to regulate conditions on board slave ships; it passed as the Slave Trade Act 1788 (Dolben's Act) by a large majority.^[2]^[5]

After the death of his first wife in 1771, he married in 1789 a second cousin, Charlotte Scotchmer, née Affleck. He died in Bury St Edmunds in 1814, aged eighty-seven, and was buried at Finedon church. He was succeeded in the title and estates by John English Dolben, his only surviving son from his first marriage.^[2]

References

^ "DOLBEN, Sir William, 3rd Bt. (1727-1814), of Finedon, Northants". The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c Aston, Nigel (2004). "Sir William Dolben". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7780. Retrieved 10 May 2011. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ "No. 14012". The London Gazette. 23 May 1797. p. 473.
^ Hague, William Pitt the Younger Harper Collins 2004 pp.297-8
^ The first parliamentary debates, UK Parliament website, "Parliament and the British Slave Trade"

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Sir Walter Bagot, Bt Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	Member of Parliament for Oxford University February 1768–March 1768 With: Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	Succeeded by Francis Page Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt
Preceded by Sir Edmund Isham, Bt William Cartwright	Member of Parliament for Northamptonshire March 1768–1774 With: Sir Edmund Isham, Bt to 1773 Lucy Knightley from 1773	Succeeded by Lucy Knightley Thomas Powys
Preceded by Francis Page Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt	Member of Parliament for Oxford University 1780–1800 With: Francis Page	Succeeded by Parliament of the United Kingdom
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Parliament of Great Britain	Member of Parliament for Oxford University 1801–1806 With: Francis Page to 1801 William Scott from March 1801	Succeeded by William Scott Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester
Baronetage of England
Preceded by John Dolben	Baronet (of Findon) 1756–1814	Succeeded by John Dolben

[HP-1] "DOLBEN, Sir William, 3rd Bt. (1727-1814), of Finedon, Northants". The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 3 November 2018.

[DNB-2] Aston, Nigel (2004). "Sir William Dolben". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7780. Retrieved 10 May 2011. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[3] "No. 14012". The London Gazette. 23 May 1797. p. 473.

[4] Hague, William Pitt the Younger Harper Collins 2004 pp.297-8

[debates-5] The first parliamentary debates, UK Parliament website, "Parliament and the British Slave Trade"

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