Sir William James Montgomery-Cuninghame, 9th Baronet VC (20 May 1834 – 11 November 1897) was a British Army officer from Scotland, Conservative politician and Victoria Cross recipient.
Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame | |
|---|---|
 Depiction of the Siege of Sebastopol | |
| Born | 20 May 1834 Maybole, South Ayrshire |
| Died | 11 November 1897 (aged 63) Gunton, Suffolk |
| Buried | Kirkmichael Churchyard, Ayr |
| Service | British Army |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | Rifle Brigade Royal Scots Fusiliers |
| Battles / wars | Crimean War |
| Awards | Victoria Cross, Order of the Medjidie, Turkish Crimea Medal |
| Other work | Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs |
Early life
editMontgomery-Cuninghame was born in Ayr to Sir Thomas Montgomery-Cuninghame, 8th Baronet of Corsehill and Charlotte Niven D. Hutcheson, the eldest of seven children.[1] Between April 1849 and 1851 he was educated at Harrow School.[2]
Military service
editMontgomery-Cuninghame had a long and distinguished military career, which began in 1853 when, on 11 March 1853, he became ensign in the 1st Regiment (by purchase).[3] By 29 April 1853 he had become a second lieutenant in the Rifle Brigade.[4] In October 1853, the Crimean War broke out and he was present at the battles of Alma, Balaclava, Inkerman and the siege and fall of Sebastapol.[2]
Montgomery-Cuninghame served in the Crimean War as a lieutenant in the 1st Battalion, The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own). On 20 November 1854 at Sebastopol, the Crimea, he, with another lieutenant (Claud Thomas Bourchier) was with a party detailed to drive the Russians from some rifle pits. Advancing on the pits after dark, they launched a surprise attack and drove the Russian riflemen from their cover, but, in the fierce fighting which ensued, the officer in command of the party was killed. The two lieutenants, however, maintained their advantage, withstood all attacks from the enemy during the night and held the position until relieved next day. For their actions they were subsequently awarded the Victoria Cross.[5]
Lieutenant Montgomery-Cuninghame was mentioned in Lord Raglan's despatches and "his bravery elicited the admiration of General Canrobert, who instantly published an order expressive of his approbation."[6] Montgomery-Cuninghame was one of the earliest recipients of the Victoria Cross.[7] His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Green Jackets Museum, Winchester, England. During the Crimean conflict, he was also awarded the Order of the Medjidie 5th Class[2][8] and the Turkish Crimea Medal[2]
After the end of the Crimean War, on 22 November 1856, Montgomery-Cuninghame held the rank of captain and became an instructor of musketry at the Rifle Brigade[9] He was still serving in the military when on 14 August 1867, he was promoted to major half pay by purchase[10]
Nine months later, on 22 May 1868, he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the Inns of Court Rifle Volunteer Corps[11] Then, on 28 August 1871 he was commissioned to Deputy Lieutenant of Ayrshire.[12] In 1877, he was a major with the Ayr and Wigtown Militia.[13] On 9 August 1884, Major Montgomery Cuninghame was granted the honorary rank of lieutenant colonel in the 4th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers.[14] On 17 October 1888 he was granted the rank of colonel in the Volunteer Force and placed in command of The Clyde Brigade.[15] He also held the appointment of brigadier general of the Clyde Brigade and then of the Glasgow Brigade of the Volunteer Force.[16]
In July 1897, he was expected to accompany the Volunteer Glasgow Infantry Brigade (which he had commanded since its inception) to Aldershot, where they were to perform duties akin to regular battalions stationed there. This was the first time in the history of the volunteer movement this was to occur. However, during the negotiations for this historic event, he resigned due to ill health.[17]
Political career
editMontgomery-Cuninghame sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs from 31 January 1874[18] to 31 March 1880.[19]
He was a Justice of the Peace for the counties of Lanark and Wigtown.[16]
Personal life
editOn 22 April 1869, he married Elizabeth Hartopp at Little Dalby, Leicestershire, daughter of Edward Bourchier Hartopp.[20]
Together, they had 9 children – 2 sons and 7 daughters. Their eldest child, Edith Honoria Montgomery-Cuninghame became the wife of Sir John Tilley (diplomat).[21]
Montgomery-Cuninghame became the 9th Baronet of Corsehill on the death of his father on 30 August 1870.[22][23]
He died on 11 November 1897, aged 63 at Gunton Old Hall, Lowestoft, Suffolk after a period of ill health.[16]
He is buried in Kirkmichael Churchyard, Ayr with his wife, where a window commemorates him.
References
edit- ^ “Baptism Record” in Scotlands People online database (purchase required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ a b c d "Harrow School Register 1801–1893", published 1894 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ "The London Gazette, Issue 21420, p. 740". The London Gazette. 11 March 1853. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "London Gazette", Issue 21437, p. 1290 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ "No. 21971". The London Gazette. 24 February 1857. p. 662.
- ^ "Paisley Herald and Renfrewshire Advertiser", 23 December 1854 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ "Evening Telegraph", 14 February 1936 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ ”London Gazette” Issue 22107, p. 1264 online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ “London Gazette”, Issue 21959, p. 175 online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Edinburgh Gazette, Issue 7772, p. 945 online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Edinburgh Gazette, Issue 7855, p. 643 online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ London Gazette, Issue 23774, p. 3904 online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Edinburgh Evening News, 27 July 1877 online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ London Gazette, Issue 25385, p. 3572 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ London Gazette, Issue 25866, p. 5649 in online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ a b c Dundee Courier 12 November 1897 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Evening Telegraph, 6 July 1897 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ “London Gazette, Issue 24064, p. 593 online database accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ “Hansard 1803–2005: Contributions in Parliament by Sir William Montgomery-Cuninghame” in online database, accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Stamford Mercury, 30 April 1869 online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Evening Telegraph, 29 July 1901 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ “Bury and Norwich Post", 6 September 1870 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- ^ Newcastle Courant, 9 September 1870 in online database (subscription required), accessed 18 June 2014
- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
- Scotland's Forgotten Valour (Graham Ross, 1995)
- Leigh Rayment's baronetage page[usurped]