Slonim Synagogue

The Great Synagogue in Slonim (Belarusian: Вялікая сінагога Слоніма), or simply the Slonim Synagogue (Belarusian: Слонімская сінагога), is a former synagogue building in Slonim, Belarus. Completed in 1642, the Baroque-style building is an historical and cultural monument of the Republic of Belarus.

Slonim Synagogue
Belarusian: Вялікая сінагога Слоніма
The former synagogue, in 2006
Religion
Affiliation	Judaism (former)
Ecclesiastical or organizational status	Synagogue (1648–c. 1939)
Status	Abandoned
Location
Location	Slonim
Country	Belarus
Location of the former synagogue in Belarus
Geographic coordinates	53°5′37″N 25°19′3″E
Architecture
Type	Synagogue architecture
Style	Baroque
Completed	1648
Direction of façade	East

History

The synagogue was the main religious building of Slonim's then numerous and influential Jewish community. The building was erected in 1642 and was initially part of the town's fortifications system.

In 1881 the synagogue was heavily damaged in a fire.

During the Second World War, almost the entire Jewish population of Slonim was murdered by the Nazis in the Holocaust. The building was left untouched by the German Luftwaffe during World War II, but has subsequently deteriorated. After the war, the Communist administration used the building as a furniture warehouse.

In 2001, after the restoration of the independence of Belarus, the building was returned to the Belarusian Jewish community.

Planned restoration

The synagogue is standing but in a dilapidated condition. The Saving Heritage Foundation was established to help the with restoration of the synagogue. Under an initiative of the Kaplinsky family, a steering group for the conservation of the synagogue was established through the Foundation for Jewish Heritage to restore the Slonim Synagogue and to make it a “major educational facility, cross-cultural meeting place, memorial, place of worship, and a cultural centre ensuring that the Great Synagogue has a sustainable future”. The steering group included Britons and Americans with family links to the Jewish community of Slonim and the architect Tszwai So. In May 2021, the UK-based Foundation decided to cease its involvement, due to challenges with the five-year timeframe for redevelopment, political instability in Belarus, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

On 29 December 2020 the synagogue was sold at public auction to Ilona Karavaeva (known as Ilona Reeves), a writer and musician, for approximately BYN27,400 (at the time, c. €9,000). Interviewed in 2021, Reeves, a Christian, stated that she: "... planned to create a tourist site that will include a museum, a cultural center for meetings, lectures, concerts. My agreement clearly states that I am obliged to preserve the historical and cultural value of the building of the Jewish synagogue." However, by late 2023, Reeves could not raise the funds required for restoration and ownership of the building was returned to local authorities, who again put the property up for sale.

In February 2024, the building was sold at auction to an anonymous Russian for BYN42 (€12).

Gallery

• 
  Fishmarket in front of the synagogue, 1906
• 
  Slonim Synagogue, 1975 painting by Valery Sliunchanka
• 
  Interiors of the synagogue before 1939
• 
  Interiors of the synagogue before 1939
• 
  Interiors of the synagogue before 1939
• 
  Slonim Synagogue, 1930 photo by the well-known Belarusian-Polish photographer, Jan Bulhak
• 
  Slonim Synagogue in 2020

See also

• Anshe Slonim Synagogue in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York
• Slonim (Hasidic dynasty)

External links

• "Slonim Synagogue". World Monuments Fund. June 2018.
• Synagogue in Slonim (Images). Ilona Reeves. March 2021.
• "Architecture" (Text and images). Slonim synagogue. Ilona Reeves. 2020.