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Slovaks in Austria (Austrian German: Österreichisch Slowaken; Slovak: Rakúski Slováci) have a history dating back to the early centuries of the Common Era. Currently, there are 35,326 Slovaks in Austria as of 2016. Large communities of Slovaks can be found in Vienna and Lower Austria, with a smaller community in Styria.
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 35,326 (2016)[1]–40,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Vienna, eastern Lower Austria, Styria | |
| Languages | |
| Slovak, German | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Roman Catholicism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Slovak diaspora |
History
editPrior to the 20th century
editBetween the fifth and ninth centuries AD, Slovaks controlled the eastern part of what is now considered Lower Austria, where many ethnic Slovaks still remain.[2]
From the 1880s the 1890s, around 230,000 Czechs and Slovaks emigrated to Austria proper, mainly for construction work and other menial labor jobs in the larger cities, particularly Vienna. At the turn of the century, an estimated 70,000 Slovak speakers in Austria, the vast majority being concentrated in Vienna and Marchfeld. Over the next 14 years, this number was decimated to 20,000.[2]
Modern history
editAfter the foundation of Czechoslovak Republic in 1918, many Slovaks emigrated back to the Slovakia region. In the 1923 census, only 5,000 Slovacophones declared their language.[2]
In 1976, as part of the Treaties of St. German and Brno and the Austrian Ethnic Groups Act, Slovaks were recognized as an autochthonous ethnicity, and freedom to use the Slovak language officially was permitted.[2]
In recent years, many thousands of Slovaks have emigrated from Slovakia, mainly due to the open borders of the European Union. The population of Slovaks had increased by 800% in 2016.[2]
Notable Slovak Austrians
edit- Carl Ludwig Doleschall, scientist
- Jan Jesenius, physician and professor of anatomy
- Konstantin Jireček, politician and Slavist
- Boris Prokopič, footballer for SC Rheindorf Altach
- Ludwig Schwarz, bishop of the Diocese of Linz
- Tomáš Šimkovič, footballer for FC Tobol
- Thomas Vanek, ice hockey player for the NHL's Florida Panthers
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Bevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland". Statistik.at. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "SLOVAK IN AUSTRIA". Research Centre of Wales. 29 May 1998. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
