Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2

Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2, also known as glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene.[5]

SLC6A5
Identifiers
AliasesSLC6A5, GLYT-2, GLYT2, HKPX3, NET1, Glycine transporter 2, solute carrier family 6 member 5
External IDsOMIM: 604159; MGI: 105090; HomoloGene: 37901; GeneCards: SLC6A5; OMA:SLC6A5 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_004211
NM_001318369

NM_001146013
NM_148931

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001305298
NP_004202

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 11: 20.6 – 20.66 MbChr 7: 49.56 – 49.61 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The glycine transporter 2 is a membrane protein which recaptures glycine, a major inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem. GlyT2 is a specific marker of glycinergic neurons and a member of the Na+ and Cl-coupled transporter family SLC6. Glycine uptake mediated by GlyT2 is electrogenic, coupled to three Na+ and one Cl (i.e. two positive charges per glycine). In humans, GlyT2 is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene. Inactivation of GlyT2 in knockout mice is lethal during the second post-natal week as the absence of GlyT2 disrupts inhibitory transmission by reducing glycine release. Mutations in SLC6A5 gene are responsible for a presynaptic form of hyperekplexia, a genetic disease causing increased startle reflex. GlyT2 main physiological role is to recapture glycine released in the synaptic cleft and to maintain high glycine concentration in the presynaptic neuron. Therefore, chronic inhibition of GlyT2 will deplete intracellular storage of glycine and limit its accumulation in synaptic vesicles.[5][6]

Inhibitors

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165970Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039728Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b Morrow JA, Collie IT, Dunbar DR, Walker GB, Shahid M, Hill DR (November 1998). "Molecular cloning and functional expression of the human glycine transporter GlyT2 and chromosomal localisation of the gene in the human genome". FEBS Lett. 439 (3): 334–40. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01390-8. PMID 9845349. S2CID 82276379.
  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: SLC6A5 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 5".

Further reading

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