Solanum arcanum is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae in section Lycopersicon, the tomatoes, endemic to Peru.[3]
| Solanum arcanum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Solanales |
| Family: | Solanaceae |
| Genus: | Solanum |
| Species: | S. arcanum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Solanum arcanum | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Description
editSolanum arcanum is a perennial[3] plant, woody at the base, being up to 1 m (3.3 ft) or more wide and up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall. Its stem is between 7 and 12 mm (0.3 and 0.5 in) in diameter at its base, often hollow, green, glabrous to variously pubescent with a mixture of simple uniseriate trichomes.[citation needed]
Its sympodial units are 2-foliate; internodes being between 2 and 6 cm (0.8 and 2.4 in). Its leaves are interrupted imparipinnate, green to pale beneath, glabrous to sparsely short pubescent with a mixture of simple uniseriate trichomes, some populations lacking trichomes. The petiolule is between 0.5 and 1 cm (0.2 and 0.4 in).[citation needed]
Inflorescences are between 6 and 20 cm (2 and 8 in) in size, simple, with 5–20 flowers, ebracteate or nearly all the nodes bracteate; peduncle between 3.5 and 10 cm (1.4 and 3.9 in), glabrous and minutely glandular to densely velvety pubescent with intermixed longer patent trichomes like those of the stems. The pedicels are between 1.1 and 1.7 cm (0.4 and 0.7 in), articulated at the middle or in the distal half. Buds are conical, straight, approximately half way exerted from the calyx. Flowers with the calyx tube are minute, the lobes lanceolate; corolla is between 1.8 and 2 cm (0.7 and 0.8 in), pentagonal and yellow.[4]
Ovary is globose, glabrous or with a few minute trichomes at the apex; the style being between 0.8 and 1 cm (0.3 and 0.4 in); stigma capitate and green. The fruit is between 1 and 1.4 cm (0.4 and 0.6 in) in diameter, globose and green with a dark green stripe around it that may change to purple at maturity. Seeds are obovate, narrowly winged at the apex and acute at the base, pale brown, pubescent with hair-like outgrowths of the tegument cell radial walls, which give the surface a silky appearance. Chromosome number: n=12.[citation needed]
Distribution
editIt is found in coastal and inland Andean valleys in northern Peru at elevations 100–2,500 metres (300–8,200 feet).
References
edit- ^ Gonzales Arce, P.; Knapp, S. (2020). "Solanum arcanum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T71778895A71779012. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T71778895A71779012.en. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ a b POWO (2024). "Solanum arcanum Peralta". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ a b Peralta, Iris E.; Knapp, Sandra; Spooner, David M. (2005). "New Species of Wild Tomatoes (Solanum Section Lycopersicon: Solanaceae) from Northern Peru". Systematic Botany. 30 (2): 424–434. doi:10.1600/0363644054223657. ISSN 0363-6445. JSTOR 25064070. S2CID 86254917. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
- ^ "Solanum arcanum". Solanaceae Source (solanaceaesource.myspecies.info). PBI Project. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
Further reading
edit- Stadler, T.; Arunyawat, U.; Stephan, W. (2008). "Population Genetics of Speciation in Two Closely Related Wild Tomatoes (Solanum Section Lycopersicon)". Genetics. 178 (1): 339–350. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.081810. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 2206082. PMID 18202377.
- Jablonska B, Ammiraju JS, Bhattarai KK, et al. (February 2007). "The Mi-9 gene from Solanum arcanum conferring heat-stable resistance to root-knot nematodes is a homolog of Mi-1". Plant Physiology. 143 (2): 1044–54. doi:10.1104/pp.106.089615. PMC 1803715. PMID 17172289.