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Solar eclipse of August 2, 1133

The solar eclipse of August 2, 1133, also known as King Henry's Eclipse, was a total solar eclipse visible in North America, northwestern, central and southeastern Europe and the Middle East. The eclipse is number 43 in the Solar Saros 102 series.

Solar eclipse of August 2, 1133
Solar eclipse of Aug 2, 1133
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma0.5423
Magnitude1.0652
Maximum eclipse
Duration278 s (4m 38s)
Coordinates45°48′N 16°30′E / 45.8°N 16.5°E / 45.8; 16.5
Max. width of band252.5 km
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse12:8:38 UT
References
Saros102 (43 of 71)

Eclipse path and details

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The instant of the greatest eclipse took place at 12:24:22 terrestrial dynamical time (TD), which corresponds to 12:08:36 universal time (UT1). This was exactly one day after the Moon reached perigee. The Sun was during the eclipse in the constellation Leo. The synodic month in which the eclipse took place had a Brown Lunation Number of -9763.

The solar eclipse of 2 August 1133 was a comparatively long total eclipse with a duration at the greatest eclipse of 4 minutes and 38 seconds. Its eclipse magnitude was 1.0652.

Records of this eclipse have helped determine the historical rate of the deceleration of Earth's rotation.[1]

Public reception and coverage in literature

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Like many other eclipses, the solar eclipse of 2 August 1133 was considered a bad omen. This perception was underscored by the fact that it coincided with the final departure of King Henry I of England to Normandy, shortly before the country was thrown into chaos and civil war.[2][3][4] It was described by William of Malmesbury.[5] According to him, the “hideous darkness agitated the hearts of men.”[6]

In Germany, the eclipse was regarded to predict the sacking of the city of Augsburg and the massacre of its inhabitants by Duke Frederick.[7]

The eclipse is mentioned in the Peterborough Chronicle, the Annales Halesbrunnenses,[8] two of Cosmas's continuators (the canon of Vyšehrad and the monk of Sázava),[9] the Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis[10] and the Chronicon Scotorum.[11]

References

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Sources

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  1. Macdonald, Peter (2000). "Total solar eclipses of long duration in the British Isles". J. Br. Astron. Assoc. 110 (5): 266–70. Bibcode:2000JBAA..110..266M.
  2. Hullings, Zachary. "The Death of a King, End to a War, and the Solar Eclipse". airandspace.si.edu. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. Retrieved 3 January 2022.

Citations

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  1. ^ Curott, David A. (May 1966). "Earth Deceleration from Ancient Solar Eclipses". The Astronomical Journal. 71 (4): 264–9. Bibcode:1966AJ.....71..264C. doi:10.1086/109915.
  2. ^ Ghose, Tia (14 February 2017). "The most famous solar eclipses in history". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  3. ^ Kluger, Jeffrey. "The Beauty and Science of a Total Solar Eclipse". Time.
  4. ^ Freeman, Edward Augustus (1876). The History of the Norman Conquest of England, its Causes and its Results. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 240.
  5. ^ Hind, John Russell (1872). "Historical Eclipses". Astronomical Register. 10: 207–14.
  6. ^ Tharoor, Ishaan (20 March 2015). "When a solar eclipse was a terrifying thing". Washington Post.
  7. ^ Reis, Norma. "Famous Eclipses of the Middle Ages - Part Two". www.astronomytoday.com. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  8. ^ Stephenson, F.R. (1969). "The Date of the Book of Joel". Vetus Testamentum. 19 (2): 224–229. doi:10.2307/1516413. JSTOR 1516413.
  9. ^ Malewicz, Małgorzata Hanna (1982–1983). "Astronomical Phenomena in Central and East-European Medieval Narrative Sources" (PDF). Organon. 18/19: 91–103.
  10. ^ "The Codex Falkensteinensis (BayHStA KL Weyarn 1)". www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  11. ^ McCarthy, Daniel; Breen, Aidan (1997). "An evaluation of astronomical observations in the Irish annals". Vistas in Astronomy. 41 (1): 117–138. Bibcode:1997VA.....41..117M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.22.8795. doi:10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00052-9., see p. 10.
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