Solar eclipse of July 1, 2011

Solar eclipse of July 1, 2011
Solar eclipse of July 1, 2011
	Map
Type of eclipse
Nature	Partial
Gamma	−1.4917
Magnitude	0.0971
Maximum eclipse
Coordinates	65°12′S 28°36′E / 65.2°S 28.6°E
Times (UTC)
(P1) Partial begin	7:53:47
Greatest eclipse	8:39:30
(P4) Partial end	9:22:45
References
Saros	156 (1 of 69)
Catalog # (SE5000)	9533

A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Friday, July 1, 2011,^[1]^[2]^[3] with a magnitude of 0.0971.^[4] A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This eclipse was the third of four partial solar eclipses in 2011, with the others occurring on January 4, June 1 and November 25.

This is the first solar eclipse of Saros series 156, only visible as a partial solar eclipse in a small area south of South Africa and north of Antarctica. It is the first new saros series to begin since saros 155 began with the partial solar eclipse of June 17, 1928.^[5]

Images

Animated path

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.^[6]

July 1, 2011 Solar Eclipse Times
Event	Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact	2011 July 01 at 07:54:48.7 UTC
Greatest Eclipse	2011 July 01 at 08:39:30.3 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction	2011 July 01 at 08:55:01.7 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction	2011 July 01 at 09:06:38.7 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact	2011 July 01 at 09:23:55.6 UTC

July 1, 2011 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter	Value
Eclipse Magnitude	0.09710
Eclipse Obscuration	0.03573
Gamma	−1.49171
Sun Right Ascension	06h40m01.7s
Sun Declination	+23°07'05.9"
Sun Semi-Diameter	15'43.9"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax	08.6"
Moon Right Ascension	06h39m02.0s
Moon Declination	+21°42'47.5"
Moon Semi-Diameter	15'38.6"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax	0°57'24.6"
ΔT	66.4 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

Eclipse season of June–July 2011
June 1 Descending node (new moon)	June 15 Ascending node (full moon)	July 1 Descending node (new moon)

Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 118	Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 130	Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 156

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 2011

Solar eclipses of 2008–2011

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.^[7]

The partial solar eclipses on June 1, 2011 and November 25, 2011 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2008 to 2011
Ascending node			Descending node
Saros	Map	Gamma	Saros	Map	Gamma
121 Partial in Christchurch, New Zealand	February 7, 2008 Annular	−0.95701	126 Totality in Kumul, Xinjiang, China	August 1, 2008 Total	0.83070
131 Annularity in Palangka Raya, Indonesia	January 26, 2009 Annular	−0.28197	136 Totality in Kurigram District, Bangladesh	July 22, 2009 Total	0.06977
141 Annularity in Jinan, Shandong, China	January 15, 2010 Annular	0.40016	146 Totality in Hao, French Polynesia	July 11, 2010 Total	−0.67877
151 Partial in Poland	January 4, 2011 Partial	1.06265	156	July 1, 2011 Partial	−1.49171

Saros 156

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 156, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 69 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 1, 2011. It contains annular eclipses from September 26, 2155 through April 7, 3075. There are no hybrid or total eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 69 as a partial eclipse on July 14, 3237. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 29 at 8 minutes, 28 seconds on May 3, 2516. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.^[8]

Series members 1–11 occur between 2011 and 2200:
1	2	3
July 1, 2011	July 11, 2029	July 22, 2047
4	5	6
August 2, 2065	August 13, 2083	August 24, 2101
7	8	9
September 5, 2119	September 15, 2137	September 26, 2155
10	11
October 7, 2173	October 18, 2191

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between September 12, 1931 and July 1, 2011
September 11–12	June 30–July 1	April 17–19	February 4–5	November 22–23
114	116	118	120	122
September 12, 1931	June 30, 1935	April 19, 1939	February 4, 1943	November 23, 1946
124	126	128	130	132
September 12, 1950	June 30, 1954	April 19, 1958	February 5, 1962	November 23, 1965
134	136	138	140	142
September 11, 1969	June 30, 1973	April 18, 1977	February 4, 1981	November 22, 1984
144	146	148	150	152
September 11, 1988	June 30, 1992	April 17, 1996	February 5, 2000	November 23, 2003
154	156
September 11, 2007	July 1, 2011

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

The partial solar eclipse on October 24, 2098 (part of Saros 164) is also a part of this series but is not included in the table below.

Series members between 1801 and 2011
February 11, 1804 (Saros 137)	January 10, 1815 (Saros 138)	December 9, 1825 (Saros 139)	November 9, 1836 (Saros 140)	October 9, 1847 (Saros 141)
September 7, 1858 (Saros 142)	August 7, 1869 (Saros 143)	July 7, 1880 (Saros 144)	June 6, 1891 (Saros 145)	May 7, 1902 (Saros 146)
April 6, 1913 (Saros 147)	March 5, 1924 (Saros 148)	February 3, 1935 (Saros 149)	January 3, 1946 (Saros 150)	December 2, 1956 (Saros 151)
November 2, 1967 (Saros 152)	October 2, 1978 (Saros 153)	August 31, 1989 (Saros 154)	July 31, 2000 (Saros 155)	July 1, 2011 (Saros 156)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2069
November 18, 1808 (Saros 149)	October 29, 1837 (Saros 150)	October 8, 1866 (Saros 151)
September 18, 1895 (Saros 152)	August 30, 1924 (Saros 153)	August 9, 1953 (Saros 154)
July 20, 1982 (Saros 155)	July 1, 2011 (Saros 156)
May 20, 2069 (Saros 158)