Solidago juncea, the early goldenrod,[3] plume golden-rod, or yellow top, is a North American species of herbaceous perennial plants of the family Asteraceae native to eastern and central Canada and eastern and central United States. It grows from Nova Scotia west to Manitoba and Minnesota south as far as northern Georgia and northern Arkansas, with a few isolated populations in Louisiana and Oklahoma.[4]
| Solidago juncea | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Solidago |
| Species: | S. juncea
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| Binomial name | |
| Solidago juncea Aiton 1789
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Aster ciliaris Kuntze | |
Solidago juncea is a perennial herb up to 120 cm (4 feet) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Leaves around the base of the plant can be as much as 30 cm (1 foot) long, the leaves getting smaller higher on the stem. One plant can produce as many as 450 small yellow flower heads in a large, showy array.[5]
Solidago juncea is often grown in gardens as an ornamental.[6][7]
Galls
editThis species is host to the following insect induced galls:
- Asphondylia monacha Osten Sacken, 1869 (summer generation)
- Asphondylia s-odora-bud-rosette
- Asteromyia carbonifera (Osten Sacken, 1862)
- Epiblema scudderiana (Clemens, 1860)
- Eurosta comma (Wiedemann, 1830)
- Eurosta cribrata (Wulp, 1867)
- Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis (Fitch, 1855)
- Gnorimoschema salinaris Busck, 1911
- Rhopalomyia bulbula Felt, 1908
- Rhopalomyia gina Dorchin
- Rhopalomyia hirtipes (Osten Sacken, 1862)
- Calycomyza solidaginis Kaltenbach, 1869[8]
References
edit- ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org.
- ^ "Solidago juncea". The Global Compositae Checklist (GCC) – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Solidago juncea". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
- ^ "Solidago juncea". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
- ^ Semple, John C.; Cook, Rachel E. (2006). "Solidago juncea". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Blanchan, Neltje (2005). Wild Flowers Worth Knowing. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
- ^ Missouri Botanical Garden Gardening Help: Solidago juncea
- ^ Kaltenbach, J.H. (1869). "Die deutschen Phytophagen aus der Klasse der Insekten [concl.]". Verh. Naturh. Ver. Preuss. Rheinl. 26 (3, 6): 106–224.
External links
edit
Media related to Solidago juncea at Wikimedia Commons- Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Missouri in 1990
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