The Sopwith Sociable (or sometimes Churchill or Tweenie[1]) was a British single-engined two-seat tractor configuration biplane designed and built by Sopwith for the Royal Naval Air Service.[2]
| Sociable | |
|---|---|
| Role | Two-seat tractor biplane |
| National origin | United Kingdom |
| Manufacturer | Sopwith Aviation Company |
| First flight | 17 February 1914 |
| Introduction | 1914 |
| Retired | 1914 |
| Primary user | Royal Naval Air Service |
| Number built | 1 |
Design and development
editThe Sociable, so called because the crew were seated side-by side rather than in tandem, was ordered by the British Admiralty for use as a training aircraft by the Royal Naval Air Service. It was two-bay biplane powered by a 100 hp (75 kW) Gnome Monosoupape radial.[2] The Sociable was given serial number 149 by the Admiralty and first flew from Brooklands on 17 February 1914.[2]
Operational history
editTwo days after its first flight, the Sociable was delivered to Hendon on 19 February 1914.[2] The next day the First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill flew in it as a passenger;[2] it afterwards gained the nickname the "Sopwith Churchill". It was based at Eastchurch when on 25 March 1914 it spun into the ground on take-off.[2]
Repaired by Sopwith it was delivered to No. 3 Squadron RNAS in Belgium in September 1914.[2] It was fitted with an additional fuel tank and a bomb rack and was used on an abortive attempt to bomb a German airship shed at Cologne on 22 September 1914.[2] It was transferred to No. 1 Squadron RNAS but broke an axle on take-off from Antwerp, damaging the landing gear and badly damaging the upper wing.[2] While awaiting repair at Antwerp it was abandoned following the advance of German troops.[2]
Operators
edit
Specifications
editData from Sopwith - The Man and His Aircraft[3]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Length: 24 ft 3 in (7.39 m)
- Wingspan: 36 ft 0 in (10.97 m)
- Height: 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m)
- Empty weight: 960 lb (435 kg)
- Gross weight: 1,640 lb (744 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 25 imp gal (110 L)
- Powerplant: 1 × Gnome Monosoupape rotary engine, 100 hp (75 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed, 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) diameter
Performance
- Maximum speed: 90 mph (140 km/h, 78 kn)
- Endurance: 3 hr
See also
editRelated lists
References
editNotes
editBibliography
edit- Robertson, Bruce. Sopwith - The Man and His Aircraft. Letchworth, UK: Air Review, 1970. ISBN 0-900435-15-1.
- Ray Sturtivant and Gordon Page Royal Navy Aircraft Serials and Units 1911–1919 Air-Britain, 1992. ISBN 0-85130-191-6