Souad Nawfal (also Suad Nofal; Arabic: سعاد نوفل) is a Syrian Muslim schoolteacher and activist who became known for her protests against Bashar al-Assad and the Islamic State (ISIS) in Syria. She received the Homo Homini Award, a human rights award, in 2014.
She studied education and earned a degree in 2006.[1] She participated in the uprising against the regime of Bashar Al-Assad in March 2011 or March 2012, the latter date shortly after the death of Ali Babinsky, who was the first to be killed by the regime in the eastern provinces.[1][2][3]
When ISIS kidnapped one of her friends, Jesuit priest Father Paolo Dall'Oglio, who had been in Syria since the 1970s and had recently been working to get those kidnapped by ISIS released, Nawfal went to ISIS headquarters in Raqqa, beginning a practice of daily protest.[4][5] Other sources state that her protest began as a more general anti-ISIS protest, or because she wanted to wear pants.[2] She made and held signs she had written specifically to shame the organization, including statements such as “Our revolution was begun by honorable people and is being stolen by thieves!” and “Muslims spilling the blood of Muslims are sinners!”[4][1] She disagrees with the Islamic teachings of ISIS, and uses her own identity as a Muslim woman to challenge them in these specifically Islamic terms.[6] Her protests also supported Christians in Syria.[3] She has been harassed, beaten, and shot at while protesting.[1][2] While protesting, she often wore outfits that included trousers and hijab, while ISIS mandated niqāb for women.[5][6] She also made a series of videos, though it was illegal for citizens to film or take photographs on the streets.[2] One of her most famous videos is titled "The Woman in Pants."[3]
Nawfal also worked in relief efforts, including selling handicrafts to raise money for displaced persons.[7] She started the Jana Foundation, a small non-governmental organization, to support women and families with income and food after and during the ISIS occupation of Raqqa.[7][8]
She was protesting on September 25, 2013, when she was again shot at and sentenced to death on the orders of the emir.[7][9] She escaped from Raqqa to Urfa, Turkey in October or December 2013.[7][2][5][10] She later was able to emigrate to Europe.[5]
In 2014, Nawfal received the Homo Homini Award from the Czech nongovernmental organization People in Need for her efforts in fighting for human rights.[11] She received the award during the 2015 One World documentary film festival in Prague.[12] In her acceptance speech, she stressed that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad holds responsibility for the terrorism throughout Syria.[7]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "The Raqqa woman who faced the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria". Syria Untold. October 17, 2013. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ a b c d e Baker, Aryn (2013-12-09). "How a Syrian School Teacher Took On Al Qaeda, And Lost". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ a b c Weiss, Michael; Hassan, Hassan (2016-04-12). ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror (Updated ed.). New York: Regan Arts, Simon and Schuster. pp. 149–151. ISBN 978-1-68245-021-5.
- ^ a b Moon, Terry (2017-01-27). "Woman as Reason: Syrian women as force and revolutionary Reason". News and Letters Committees. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ a b c d Tax, Meredith (2016-08-01). "The Birth of Daesh". A Road Unforeseen: Women Fight the Islamic State. New York: Bellevue Literary Press (NYU School of Medicine). 217-218. ISBN 978-1-942658-11-5.
- ^ a b Hatem, Mervat F. (2016-04-08). "The "Syrian Effects" and Regional Quest for Human Dignity in the New Syrian, Egyptian, and Tunesian Constitutions". In Beck, Martin; Jung, Dietrich; Seeberg, Peter (eds.). The Levant in Turmoil: Syria, Palestine, and the Transformation of Middle Eastern Politics. New York: Springer, Palgrave MacMillan. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-137-52602-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ a b c d e "Syrian Women Win Awards for Courage". The Syrian Observer. 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ Smith, Hannah Lucinda (May 20, 2013). "The Politics of Aid in a War Zone". Asharq Al-Awsat. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ "ISIS is the child of the regime". Souria Houria - Syrie Liberté - سوريا حرية. 2013-11-11. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ Damascus Bureau (12 December 2013). "Activists in Raqqa Face Daily Threats". Institute for War & Peace Reporting. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ "Souad Nawfal: Homo Homini Award". Syria Untold. March 16, 2015. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ Fraňková, Ruth (2015-02-13). "Homo Homini human rights award set to go to Syrain activist Suad Nawfal". Radio Prague International. Retrieved 2021-11-21.