Southern Sorsogon (also Waray Sorsogon, Gubat) is a Bisayan language spoken in the southern part of Sorsogon, Philippines, in the municipalities of Gubat, Barcelona, Bulusan, Santa Magdalena, Matnog, Bulan, and Irosin.[2] Although located in the Bicol Region, Southern Sorsogon belongs to the Warayan Bisayan subgroup, and is mutually intelligible to Waray which is spoken to the south on the neighboring island of Samar.[3] The other two Bisayan languages spoken in the Bicol Region are Masbate Sorsogon and Masbateño.
| Southern Sorsogon | |
|---|---|
| Gubat | |
| Native to | Philippines |
| Region | Sorsogon |
Native speakers | (185,000 cited 1975 census)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | srv |
| Glottolog | wara1299 Waray Sorsogon |
Phonology
editSouthern Sorsogon has the following phoneme inventory:[3]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Open | a |
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | s | h | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Semivowel | j | w | ||||
Grammar
editPersonal pronouns
editSouthern Sorsogon has three pronoun sets.[3]
| nominative | genitive | oblique | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | aku | ku | akuʔ |
| 2nd person singular | ikaw, ka | mu | imu |
| 3rd person singular | siya | niya | kaniya |
| 1st person plural inclusive | kita | ta | atuʔ |
| 1st person plural exclusive | kami | mi | amuʔ |
| 2nd person plural | kamu | niyu | iyu |
| 3rd person plural | sira | nira | kanira |
Verbs
editVerbs in Southern Sorsogon are inflected for focus and aspect.[4]
| completed | progressive | anticipative | infinitive | imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actor focus | nag-/⟨un⟩ naN- |
nag-CV- naN-CV- |
má- maN-CV- |
mag-/⟨un⟩ maN- |
pag-/∅ paN- |
| Patient focus | ⟨in⟩ | C⟨in⟩V- | CV- -un | -un | -a |
| Locative focus | ⟨in⟩ -an | C⟨in⟩V- -an | CV- -an | -an | -i |
| Instrument focus | ⟨in⟩ | C⟨in⟩V- | i-CV- | i- | -an |
Vocabulary
editNumbers
editSouthern Sorsogon has the following numbers:[2]
| English | Tagalog | Southern Sorsogon |
|---|---|---|
| one | isá | sayúʔ |
| two | dalawá | duwá |
| three | tatló | tulú |
| four | apat | upát |
| five | limá | limá |
| six | anim | unúm |
| seven | pitó | pitú |
| eight | waló | walú |
| nine | siyám | s(i)yám |
| ten | sampoʔ | napúluʔ |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Southern Sorsogon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b MacFarland, Curtis D. (1974). The Dialects of the Bikol Area (Ph.D. dissertation). University of New Haven.
- ^ a b c Zorc, David Paul (1977). The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Canberra, Australia: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. doi:10.15144/PL-C44. ISBN 0-85883-157-0.
- ^ Escalante, Antonio H. (1996). "A Study of South Sorsogon Verbs". In Ernesto A. Constantatino (ed.). Three Studies on Philippine Morphology. The Archive, Publication 11. Diliman: University of the Philippines. pp. 139–230.