Stannane /ˈstæneɪn/ or tin hydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SnH4. It is a colourless gas and the tin analogue of methane. Stannane can be prepared by the reaction of SnCl4 and Li[AlH4].[1]
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Stannane
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| Other names
tin tetrahydride
tin hydride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| SnH4 | |||
| Molar mass | 122.71 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | colourless gas | ||
| Density | 5.4 g/L, gas | ||
| Melting point | −146 °C (−231 °F; 127 K) | ||
| Boiling point | −52 °C (−62 °F; 221 K) | ||
| Structure | |||
| Tetrahedral | |||
| 0 D | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
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1.262 kJ/(kg·K) | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
162.8 kJ/mol | ||
Enthalpy of vaporization (ΔfHvap)
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19.049 kJ/mol | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related organotins
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tributylstannane (Bu3SnH) | ||
Related compounds
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Methane Silane Germane Plumbane | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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- SnCl4 + Li[AlH4] → SnH4 + LiCl + AlCl3
Stannane decomposes slowly at room temperature to give metallic tin and hydrogen and ignites on contact with air.[1]
Variants of stannane can be found as a highly toxic, gaseous, inorganic metal hydrides and group 14 hydrides.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.