Stella Jane Thomas (later Stella Marke; 1906–1974) was a Yoruba Nigerian lawyer of Sierra Leone Creole descent.[1][2] She received a law degree from Oxford University and in 1943 became the first woman magistrate in Nigeria.[3]
Stella Thomas | |
|---|---|
| Born | Stella Jane Thomas 1906 Lagos, Nigeria |
| Died | 1974 (aged 68) |
| Nationality | Nigerian |
| Other names | Stella Marke |
| Occupation(s) | Lawyer, magistrate |
| Years active | 1933–1974 |
| Known for | First woman magistrate of Nigeria |
Early life and education
editStella Thomas was born in 1906, in Lagos, Nigeria, the daughter of Peter John Claudius Thomas, a Sierra Leone Creole businessman based in Lagos. Her father was the first African to head the Lagos Chamber of Commerce.[4] She attended the Annie Walsh Memorial School in Freetown, Sierra Leone, "the oldest secondary school for girls in West Africa".[5] Her brother Peter Thomas became the first West African pilot commissioned in the Royal Air Force during World War II.[6] Another brother, Stephen Peter Thomas, was the first Chief Justice of the Mid-West region.[7]
While she studied law at Oxford and was a member of the Middle Temple in London, she was active with the West African Students Union, and a founding member of the League of Coloured Peoples, organized by Harold Moody.[8] She lived in Bloomsbury, and starred in a production of Jamaican poet Una Marson's first play, At What a Price, put on by the league at London's Scala Theatre, featuring mostly London students in an all-Black cast.[9][8][10]
Career
editThomas was the first black African woman called to the bar in Great Britain, in 1933.[11] In 1934, she was the only African woman to participate in a discussion with Margery Perham at the Royal Society of Arts, and she took the opportunity to criticize Lord Lugard and African colonialism before an influential audience. When she returned to West Africa, she was the first woman lawyer in the region.[12]
Upon her return to West Africa, she initially enrolled at the Sierra Leonean bar and in December 1935, she went back to Lagos and set up a law practice along Kakawa Street, Lagos Island. She worked on a wide range of legal matters, including criminal cases and family issues, and also worked with lawyers Alex E. J. Taylor and Eric Moore.[13]
In 1943, she became West Africa's first woman magistrate,[14] serving Ikeja magistrate court with jurisdiction for Mushin, Agege and Ikorodu districts.[13] She later was a magistrate at the Saint Anna Court house and the Botanical Gardens Court in Ebute-Metta.[13] She retired as a magistrate in Sierra Leone in 1971.[4]
Personal life
editIn November 1944, Stella Thomas married a fellow legal professional, Richard Bright Marke, in Freetown. She died in 1974, aged 68.[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Adedapo Adeniran. Nigeria The Case for Peaceful and Friendly Dissolution. The Futility of the Land Use. p. 40.
- ^ Osun State College of Education (Ila Orangun, Nigeria). School of Languages (2007). School of Languages Conference Proceedings, Volume 1, Issue 1. Indiana University. p. 131.
- ^ Helen Tilley, Africa as a Living Laboratory: Empire, Development, and the Problem of Scientific Knowledge, 1870-1950 (University of Chicago Press, 2011): 429. ISBN 9780226803470.
- ^ a b c Emeka Keazor, "Notable Nigerians: Stella Thomas", NSIBIDI Institute (4 November 2014).
- ^ Sillah, N. (8 February 2013). "The ugly face of a bad policy in Sierra Leone: or is it crass stupidity?". Sierra Leone Telegraph.
- ^ Stephen Bourne, Motherland Calls: Britain's Black Servicemen and Women, 1939-1945 (History Press, 2012): v–vi. ISBN 9780752490717.
- ^ "Africa". Foreign Radio Broadcasts Daily Report. 16: I9. 1966 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Marc Matera, Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century (University of California Press, 2015): 43–44. ISBN 9780520959903.
- ^ Delia Jarrett-Macauley, The Life of Una Marson, 1905-1965 (Manchester University Press, 1998): 48, 53. ISBN 9780719052842.
- ^ "All-Coloured Play". London Daily Herald. January 15, 1934. p. 9. Retrieved 2022-03-28.
- ^ "West African Lady Barrister Called to the Bar" Nigerian Daily Telegraph (11 May 1933): 1.
- ^ Marc Matera, "Black Internationalism and African and Caribbean Intellectuals in London, 1919-1950" (PhD diss., Rutgers University, 2008): 35–36.
- ^ a b c Akaraogun, Olu (June 1966). "Memoirs of Stella Thomas, Our Pioneer Lady Barrister". Spear Magazine.
- ^ Fongot Kini-Yen Kinni, Pan-Africanism: Political Philosophy and Socio-Economic Anthropology for African Liberation and Governance (Langaa RPCIG, 2015): 819. ISBN 9789956762767.