Stenopelmatidae is a family of large, mostly flightless orthopterans that includes the Jerusalem crickets. Two genera: Ammopelmatus and the type genus Stenopelmatus are found in the New World. Oryctopus and Sia are Old World genera, and previously placed in their own subfamilies (see below), but with the addition of new genera, current placement is as five tribes in the single subfamily Stenopelmatinae.[1]
| Stenopelmatidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Stenopelmatus fuscus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Ensifera |
| Superfamily: | Stenopelmatoidea |
| Family: | Stenopelmatidae Burmeister, 1838 |
| Genera | |
|
see text | |
Classification
editThe classification and constituency of Stenopelmatidae is an ongoing source of controversy, with different authorities proposing radically different arrangements. Until recently, the majority of researchers appeared to accept a major New World lineage as the subfamily Stenopelmatinae, with smaller Old World lineages and fossil groups also treated as subfamilies.[2] At least one other authority, working exclusively with morphological characters, has instead repeatedly proposed that Stenopelmatidae contains the family Gryllacrididae as a subfamily, and also the entire superfamily Schizodactyloidea, similarly reduced to the rank of subfamily (e.g.[3]), a result explicitly rejected by other researchers.[2] In this morphological classification, the entire historical constituency of Stenopelmatidae is reduced to a single subfamily, with the former subfamilies all reduced to tribal rank.
As such, the majority of classifications have until recently recognized the following groups (with the genus Maxentius only removed from inclusion within the genus Sia in 2021):
- monotypic subfamily Oryctopinae Kevan, 1986
- Tribe Oryctopini Kevan, 1986
- Genus Oryctopus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888
- Tribe Oryctopini Kevan, 1986
- obsolete subfamily Siinae Gorochov, 1988
- previously as subfamily Stenopelmatinae Burmeister, 1838 and now tribe Stenopelmatini
- Genus Ammopelmatus Tinkham, 1965
- Genus Stenopelmatus Burmeister, 1838
Note:
- the genera †Electrosia Gorochov, 2010 and †Macrelcana Karny, 1932 are now placed in the family †Elcanidae.
- genus †Zeuneroptera Sharov, 1962 is now placed in the family †Palaeorehniidae.
References
edit- ^ Otte, Daniel; Cigliano, Maria Marta; Braun, Holger; Eades, David C. (2021). "subfamily Stenopelmatinae Burmeister, 1838". Orthoptera species file online, Version 5.0. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- ^ a b Vandergast, A.G., Weissman, D.B., Wood, D.A., Rentz, D.C., Bazelet, C.S., and Ueshima, N. (2017) Tackling an intractable problem: Can greater taxon sampling help resolve relationships within the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera)? Zootaxa 4291, no. 1, p. 1. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.1
- ^ Gorochov, A.V. (2020) The families Stenopelmatidae and Anostostomatidae (Orthoptera). 1. Higher classification, new and little known taxa. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 99: 905–961 (In Russian).
External links
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Media related to Stenopelmatidae at Wikimedia Commons
