Stygoparnus is a monotypic genus[4] of beetles containing the single species Stygoparnus comalensis, which is known by the common name Comal Springs dryopid beetle. This rare beetle is endemic to Texas in the United States, where it is known from two springs. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.[2][3]
| Stygoparnus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Dryopidae |
| Genus: | Stygoparnus Barr & Spangler, 1992 |
| Species: | S. comalensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Stygoparnus comalensis Barr & Spangler, 1992
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The Comal Springs dryopid beetle was first collected in 1987 and described as a new species in 1992. This beetle is 3 to 3.7 millimeters long. A subterranean species, it has vestigial eyes and faint pigmentation. It is the only known aquatic species in its family. It is known from Comal Springs in Comal County, and Fern Bank Springs in Hays County, Texas. Though it lives in springs, the beetle does not swim and perhaps lives in air pockets in the caves. Little is known about the life history of the beetle because the karst cave habitat is difficult to explore.[3]
The beetle lives in one spring which is fed by the Edwards Aquifer, and one spring that has an unknown water source. The Edwards Aquifer has long been tapped for its water, which is used for many purposes, such as irrigation. The primary threat to the species and other rare local endemic animals such as Peck's cave amphipod is the loss of the water source which feeds the springs.[5]
References
edit- ^ NatureServe (7 April 2023). "Stygoparnus comalensis". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
- ^ a b "Comal Springs dryopid beetle (Stygoparnus comalensis)". Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
- ^ a b c USFWS. Final rule to list three aquatic invertebrates in Comal and Hays Counties, TX, as endangered. Federal Register 62(243):66295–66304. December 18, 1997. Accessed on 22 April 2023.
- ^ Stygoparnus. BugGuide.net
- ^ USFWS. Designation of critical habitat for the Peck's Cave Amphipod, Comal Springs Dryopid Beetle, and Comal Springs Riffle Beetle; Final rule. Federal Register July 17, 2007.
External links
edit- Stygoparnus comalensis. The Nature Conservancy.
Further reading
edit- Cheryl B. Barr & Paul J. Spangler (1992). "A new genus and species of stygobiontic dryopid beetle, Stygoparnus comalensis (Coleoptera: Dryopidae), from Comal Springs, Texas". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 105 (1): 40–54.