Hamengkubuwono I

Hamengkubuwono I (Javanese script: ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦏꦸꦧꦸꦮꦤꦆ, Bahasa Jawa: Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I), born Raden Mas Sujana (Kartasura, 16 August 1717 – Yogyakarta, 24 March 1792), was the first sultan of Yogyakarta. He reigned from 1755 to 1792. He is also elevated as the National Hero of Indonesia since 2006, because of his fought against the Dutch at that time and established Yogyakarta.

Hamengkubuwono
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I
Sultan Yogyakarta
Reign	1755–1792
Coronation	13 March 1755
Successor	Sultan Hamengkubuwana II
Born	Bendara Raden Mas Sujono (1717-08-05)5 August 1717 Kartasura
Died	24 March 1792(1792-03-24) (aged 74) Kraton Yogyakarta Yogyakarta
Burial	Astana Kasuwargan, Imogiri, Yogyakarta
Spouses	Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kencana (d. 1777) Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kadipaten
Regnal name Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Hingkang Sinuhun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwono, Senopati Ing Ngalaga Ngabdurrahman Sayidin Panatagama Kalifatulah, Hingkang Jumeneng Kaping I
House	Mataram
Father	Prabu Amangkurat IV
Mother	Mas Ayu Tejawati
Religion	Islam

Family

Royal consorts

1. Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kencana
   daughter of Bendara Pangeran Harya Dipanegara, son of Pakubuwana I of Surakarta.
2. Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kadipaten
   daughter of Kyai Ageng Drepayuda. Later the queen dowager with the title Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hageng.

Concubines

1. Bendara Raden Ayu Tilarsa
2. Bendara Raden Ayu Srenggara
   daughter of Tumenggung Natayudha of Kedu.
3. Bendara Mas Ayu Tandhawati

(and more)
Notable Children

1. Gusti Raden Mas Enta
   son of GKR. Kencana, appointed as heir-apparent with the title Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Anom Hamengkunegara Sudibya Rajaputra Narendra ing Mataram, died young.
2. Gusti Raden Ajeng Inten
   daughter of GKR. Kencana, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Bendara. Married first to Mangkunegara I, divorced.
3. Kanjeng Pangeran Harya Hangabehi
   birth name unknown, son of BRAy. Tilarsa.
4. Gusti Raden Mas Sundara
   son of GKR. Kadipaten, succeeded as Hamengkubuwana II.
5. Bendara Raden Ayu Danukusuma
   birth name unknown. Married to Kanjeng Raden Tumenggung Danukusuma, eldest son of Danureja I, Patih Yogyakarta.
6. Bendara Raden Ayu Rangga Prawiradirja
   birth name unknown, daughter of BRAy. Srenggara. Married to Raden Rangga Prawiradirja II of Madiun.
7. Bendara Pangeran Harya Natakusuma
   birth name unknown, son of BRAy. Srenggara, appointed as Paku Alam I.
8. Bendara Raden Mas Hadiwijaya
   son of BMAy. Tandhawati, styled as Bendara Pangeran Harya Panular, Wakil Dalem to Hamengkubuwana V.

Further reading

• Ricklefs, M.C. (1974) Jogjakarta under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749–1792: A History of the Division of Java. London Oriental Series, vol. 30. London: Oxford University Press (Revised Indonesian edition 2002).
• Ricklefs MC. 2001. A History of Modern Indonesia: 3rd Edition. Palgrave and Stanford University Press.
• Purwadi. 2007. Sejarah Raja-Raja Jawa. Yogyakarta: Media Ilmu.
• Heryanto F. 2004. Mengenal Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat. Yogyakarta: Warna Grafika.