The Svitavka (also called Svitávka; German: Zwittebach) is a river in the Czech Republic and Germany, a right tributary of the Ploučnice. It flows mostly through the Liberec Region in the Czech Republic and briefly also through Saxony in Germany, where it originates. It is 37.1 km (23.1 mi) long.
| Svitavka Zwittebach | |
|---|---|
 The Svitavka in Zákupy | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Countries | |
| Region/ State | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Jonsdorf, Lusatian Mountains |
| • elevation | 586 m (1,923 ft) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Ploučnice |
• coordinates | 50°39′36″N 14°37′31″E / 50.66000°N 14.62528°E |
• elevation | 254 m (833 ft) |
| Length | 37.1 km (23.1 mi) |
| Basin size | 132.5 km2 (51.2 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 1.16 m3/s (41 cu ft/s) near estuary |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Ploučnice→ Elbe→ North Sea |
Etymology
editThe name referred to the clear water of the river and was derived from svítat, which meant "[be] clear" in Old Czech. Svitavka/Svitávka is a diminutive form of Svitava (a village, which is today part of Cvikov).[1] The river was called Svitávka until the 1990s, when it was oficially renamed Svitavka, but it is still often called Svitávka.
Characteristic
editThe Svitavka originates in the territory of Jonsdorf in the Lusatian Mountains at an elevation of 586 m (1,923 ft) and flows to Česká Lípa-Vlčí Důl, where it merges with the Ploučnice River at an elevation of 254 m (833 ft). It is 37.1 km (23.1 mi) long, of which 36.3 km (22.6 mi) is in the Czech Republic.[2] Its drainage basin has an area of 132.5 km2 (51.2 sq mi).
The longest tributaries of the Svitavka are:[2]
| Tributary | Length (km) | Side |
|---|---|---|
| Boberský potok | 11.9 | right |
| Hamerský potok | 9.2 | right |
Course
editThe Svitavka originates in Jonsdorf in Germany and then continues in the Czech Republic through the territories of Mařenice, Krompach, Kunratice u Cvikova, Cvikov, Velenice, Zákupy and Česká Lípa.
Nature
editThe upper course of the Svitavka is located in the protected landscape area of Lužické hory. The mouth of the river is located in the protected landscape area of Kokořínsko – Máchův kraj.
According to a 2016 study, nine species of aquatic of water molluscs (four species of gastropods and five species of bivalves) occur in the river. Notable is the population of Pisidium amnicum and Pisidium tenuilineatum, which are endangered species within the Czech Republic. Their presence is an indicator of clean water.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Hosák, Ladislav; Šrámek, Rudolf (1980). Místní jména na Moravě a ve Slezsku II: M–Ž (in Czech). Prague: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. p. 533.
- ^ a b "Vodní toky". Evidence hlásných profilů (in Czech). Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
- ^ Beran, Luboš (2018-03-11). "Vodní měkkýši Svitávky v severních Čechách [Aquatic molluscs of the Svitávka River in Northern Bohemia]". Malacologica Bohemoslovaca (in Czech). 17: 13–16. ISSN 1336-6939. Retrieved 2024-11-04.
External links
edit
- River flow at Zákupy station – Flood Warning and Forecasting Service of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute