TARP (gene)

TCR gamma alternate reading frame protein, also known as TARP, is a human gene.

TARP
Identifiers
Aliases	TARP, CD3G, TCRG, TCRGC1, TCRGC2, TCRGV, TCR gamma alternate reading frame protein
External IDs	OMIM: 609642; HomoloGene: 128237; GeneCards: TARP; OMA:TARP - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human) Band 7p14.1 Start 38,257,879 bp End 38,265,678 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in prostate granulocyte testicle bone marrow blood bone marrow cells spleen lymph node mucosa of transverse colon appendix n/a More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 445347 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000211689 n/a UniProt Q0VGM3 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001003799 NM_001003806 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001003806.1 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 38.26 – 38.27 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

In some non-lymphoid tissues, the unrearranged T cell receptor gamma (TRG@) locus is expressed. The resulting transcript contains a subset of the TRG@ gene segments and is shorter than TRG@ transcripts expressed in lymphoid tissues.

This RefSeq record represents the unrearranged TRG@ locus transcript; the complete TRG@ locus is represented by the genomic RefSeq NG_001336. The transcript represented by this RefSeq has two open reading frames (ORFs) that encode different proteins. The downstream ORF is in the same frame as TRG@ and its protein product is similar to TRG@ proteins. The upstream ORF uses a different reading frame and encodes a novel protein.

Further reading

• Yoshikai Y, Toyonaga B, Koga Y, et al. (1987). "Repertoire of the human T cell gamma genes: high frequency of nonfunctional transcripts in thymus and mature T cells". Eur. J. Immunol. 17 (1): 119–26. doi:10.1002/eji.1830170120. PMID 2949984. S2CID 43458672.
• Krangel MS, Band H, Hata S, et al. (1987). "Structurally divergent human T cell receptor gamma proteins encoded by distinct C gamma genes". Science. 237 (4810): 64–7. Bibcode:1987Sci...237...64K. doi:10.1126/science.2955517. PMID 2955517.
• Tighe L, Forster A, Clark DM, et al. (1988). "Unusual forms of T cell gamma mRNA in a human T cell leukemia cell line: implications for gamma gene expression". Eur. J. Immunol. 17 (12): 1729–36. doi:10.1002/eji.1830171208. PMID 2961573. S2CID 84409741.
• Littman DR, Newton M, Crommie D, et al. (1987). "Characterization of an expressed CD3-associated Ti gamma-chain reveals C gamma domain polymorphism". Nature. 326 (6108): 85–8. Bibcode:1987Natur.326...85L. doi:10.1038/326085a0. PMID 3102973. S2CID 4260305.
• Pelicci PG, Subar M, Weiss A, et al. (1987). "Molecular diversity of the human T-gamma constant region genes". Science. 237 (4818): 1051–5. Bibcode:1987Sci...237.1051P. doi:10.1126/science.3112943. PMID 3112943.
• Essand M, Vasmatzis G, Brinkmann U, et al. (1999). "High expression of a specific T-cell receptor gamma transcript in epithelial cells of the prostate". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (16): 9287–92. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.9287E. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.16.9287. PMC 17772. PMID 10430935.
• Wolfgang CD, Essand M, Vincent JJ, et al. (2000). "TARP: a nuclear protein expressed in prostate and breast cancer cells derived from an alternate reading frame of the T cell receptor gamma chain locus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (17): 9437–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.9437W. doi:10.1073/pnas.160270597. PMC 16882. PMID 10931945.
• Wolfgang CD, Essand M, Lee B, Pastan I (2001). "T-cell receptor gamma chain alternate reading frame protein (TARP) expression in prostate cancer cells leads to an increased growth rate and induction of caveolins and amphiregulin". Cancer Res. 61 (22): 8122–6. PMID 11719440.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Cheng WS, Giandomenico V, Pastan I, Essand M (2003). "Characterization of the androgen-regulated prostate-specific T cell receptor gamma-chain alternate reading frame protein (TARP) promoter". Endocrinology. 144 (8): 3433–40. doi:10.1210/en.2003-0121. PMID 12865322.
• Maeda H, Nagata S, Wolfgang CD, et al. (2004). "The T cell receptor gamma chain alternate reading frame protein (TARP), a prostate-specific protein localized in mitochondria". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (23): 24561–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M402492200. PMID 15150260.