All this "liberal" and "conservative" language is unhelpful. Leo XIII and Benedict XV were hardly liberals - their devotion, doctrine, language, culture was all traditional, and they certainly would not recognise modern "liberal Catholicism." I recognise there were differences between them and St. Pius X, but I would suggest these differences were more concerned with diplomatic policy (e.g. relations with republican France) than with doctrine. But when you use "liberal/conservative" language, you immediately conjure up to modern readers the post-60s Church in which doctrinal liberalism is present within the hierarchy. The language is misleading.
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