Talk:Daylight saving time in the United States/Archive 1

Archive 1

Quote statute with cite, second Sunday of March, first Sunday of November

... During the period commencing at 2 o’clock antemeridian on the second Sunday of March of each year and ending at 2 o’clock antemeridian on the first Sunday of November of each year ... — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ocdncntx (talk • contribs) 18:32, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

References

Health effects of circadian rhythm disruption

The enforced sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruption of the Spring time change has a number of adverse health effects. PMID 11152980. The body's circadian rhythm does not readily adjust to the effects of the Spring change; instead, the body continues to slowly adjust to the earlier morning sunlight. PMID 17964164. The circadian rhythm does more readily adjust to the Fall change, which allows an hour of extra sleep PMID 17964164; for instance; an actual reduction of traffic fatalities has been seen following the Fall change. PMID 7832269. Because the Spring change imposes a number of ill health effects, the nation of Kazakhstan discontinued the use of Daylight saving time. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ocdncntx (talk • contribs) 19:28, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

References

Selected bibliography for health effects of circadian rhythm disruption

Curr Biol. 2007 Nov 20;17(22):1996-2000. Epub 2007 Oct 25. The human circadian clock's seasonal adjustment is disrupted by daylight saving time.

Kantermann T, Juda M, Merrow M, Roenneberg T.

Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Goethestrasse 31, D-80336 Munich, Germany. Abstract

A quarter of the world's population is subjected to a 1 hr time change twice a year (daylight saving time, DST). This reflects a change in social clocks, not environmental ones (e.g., dawn). The impact of DST is poorly understood. Circadian clocks use daylight to synchronize (entrain) to the organism's environment. Entrainment is so exact that humans adjust to the east-west progression of dawn within a given time zone. In a large survey (n = 55,000), we show that the timing of sleep on free days follows the seasonal progression of dawn under standard time, but not under DST. In a second study, we analyzed the timing of sleep and activity for 8 weeks around each DST transition in 50 subjects who were chronotyped (analyzed for their individual phase of entrainment). Both parameters readily adjust to the release from DST in autumn but the timing of activity does not adjust to the DST imposition in spring, especially in late chronotypes. Our data indicate that the human circadian system does not adjust to DST and that its seasonal adaptation to the changing photoperiods is disrupted by the introduction of summer time. This disruption may extend to other aspects of seasonal biology in humans.

PMID 17964164

---

Am J Public Health. 1995 Jan;85(1):92-5. Daylight saving time and motor vehicle crashes: the reduction in pedestrian and vehicle occupant fatalities.

Ferguson SA, Preusser DF, Lund AK, Zador PL, Ulmer RG.

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, Va 22201. Abstract

Fatal crashes were tabulated for 6-hour periods around sunrise and sunset, from 13 weeks before the fall change to standard time until 9 weeks after the spring change to daylight saving time. Fatal-crash occurrence was related to changes in daylight, whether these changes occurred abruptly with the fall and spring time changes or gradually with the changing seasons of the year. During daylight saving time, which shifts an hour of daylight to the busier evening traffic hours, there were fewer fatal crashes. An estimated 901 fewer fatal crashes (727 involving pedestrians, 174 involving vehicle occupants) might have occurred if daylight saving time had been retained year-round from 1987 through 1991.

PMID 7832269 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMC 1615292Free PMC Article

Sleep Med. 2001 Jan;2(1):31-36. Fatal accidents following changes in daylight savings time: the American experience.

Varughese J, Allen RP.

Department of Symbolic Systems, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, CA, Stanford, USA Abstract

Objective: This study examines specific hypotheses that both sleep loss and behavioral changes occurring with the time shifts for Daylight Savings Time (DST) significantly effect the number of fatal traffic accidents in the United States of America.Background: It has been reported that there is a significant increase in the number of automobile accidents in the spring shift to DST due to the loss of 1 h of sleep. But the extra hour gained at night with the shift from DST in the fall has been variably reported to be associated with increases and decreases in the number of automobile accidents which may reflect either behavioral anticipation with an extended late night prior to the change or the benefit of extra sleep after the change.Methods: Data from 21 years of United States' fatal automobile accidents were gathered. The mean number of accidents on the days at the time of the shifts (Saturday, Sunday and Monday) was compared to the average of the corresponding mean number of accidents on the matching day of the weeks preceding and following the shift. This was repeated for each DST shift. The number of accidents for a particular shift was also correlated with the year of the accidents.Results: There was a significant increase in accidents for the Monday immediately following the spring shift to DST (t=1.92, P=0.034). There was also a significant increase in number of accidents on the Sunday of the fall shift from DST (P<0.002). No significant changes were observed for the other days. A significant negative correlation with the year was found between the number of accidents on the Saturdays and Sundays but not Mondays.Conclusions: The sleep deprivation on the Monday following shift to DST in the spring results in a small increase in fatal accidents. The behavioral adaptation anticipating the longer day on Sunday of the shift from DST in the fall leads to an increased number of accidents suggesting an increase in late night (early Sunday morning) driving when traffic related fatalities are high possibly related to alcohol consumption and driving while sleepy. Public health educators should probably consider issuing warnings both about the effects of sleep loss in the spring shift and possible behaviors such as staying out later, particularly when consuming alcohol in the fall shift. Sleep clinicians should be aware that health consequences from forced changes in the circadian patterns resulting from DST come not only from physiological adjustments but also from behavioral responses to forced circadian changes.

PMID 11152980 Ocdncntx (talk) 19:22, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

Hawaii Source for DST

Hey I found the text for the instance where Hawaii actually participated in DST: http://books.google.com/books?id=jmE7y_z4MCkC&q=hawaii#search_anchor Simply type in "hawaii" in the search. Should the reference be updated to this supposedly original source? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.135.236.42 (talk) 21:50, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

Possibility of Maine Observing DST Year-round

{{Unreferenced}}

In May 2005, Barbara Cariddi reported on Maine voters proposing moving the state to the Atlantic Time Zone. In this case, Maine would be the first US state to be in a time zone later than places like New York City and Boston. It would not observe DST if placed in the Atlantic Time Zone, under an amendment passed by the committee. Kevin Brown said that putting Maine in Atlantic Time would give people an extra hour of daylight throughout the year. It would also save the state energy and give tourism a boost. In December, the legislature said that Maine would officially remain in Eastern Time, but it might observe DST year round (and thus be an hour ahead of New York during the winter). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.198.246.19 (talk) 23:29, 6 August 2012 (UTC)

Tucson

Per a comment at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Time, Las Vegas is hotter in the summer than Tucson, Arizona. This statement is unsourced and false with respect to Tucson. — Arthur Rubin (talk) 08:34, 25 April 2010 (UTC)

It also seems that the 2007 reference regarding the 1968 decision by Arizona to not continue with DST may not reflect the historical reasoning. Can someone source a better reference as to why they stopped using DST? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.177.113.106 (talk) 16:14, 25 March 2015 (UTC)

Permanent time change?

I came here looking to find the history of the permanent time change in the US, in addition to the DST. In other words, when we move our clocks up every spring, we aren't just one hour ahead, but two in actuality. This happened in the last 7 years when everyone was told to set their clocks up two hours, but were told to only set them back by one. I don't know who to speak to about this, or where to post it. But the article as is would have you believe we are only losing one hour of sleep when in fact we are all losing two hours of sleep. And from my own personal experience, this does effect my health. I'm always fatigued and all I do in the winter is sleep in order to make up for it. It sure hasn't saved on electric bills either as me and my neighbors have seen ours go up by $75 per month in the winter alone. Any assistance herein would be appreciated. Thanks.76.177.246.228 (talk) 01:39, 10 April 2015 (UTC)

Possibly, the reason you can't find anything about it is that it hasn't happened. — Arthur Rubin (talk) 06:58, 10 April 2015 (UTC)

Missing purpose of DST

I think the introduction should contain a description of how DST works and its purpose, or at least a link to another wiki article that does the same. In History, the article mentions the intention of saving fuel, but how that works is not immediately obvious. Is there another article that describes the purpose of DST and how it is implemented? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.49.56.7 (talk) 15:16, 30 December 2011 (UTC)

I came here looking for WHY we have DST. I still don't know. I agree with the above comment. Can someone insert a new section called "Current Rationale" with a non-political explanation of why the US has DST? Thanks 183.88.65.160 (talk) 08:03, 30 January 2012 (UTC)n0w8st8s

That's not possible, because the only reason we have continued using DST for the past 30 years is due entirely to politics, namely business interests who make more money when it is light outside. There's no other point to it in any modern society. You get your schedule messed up, people get deprived of sleep and put their lives and health in danger, so that these companies can make a few more bucks. And our congressmen go along with it because they accept bribes called campaign contributions. 65.87.26.122 (talk) 21:38, 11 March 2012 (UTC)

Well, this article is about a narrower subject - namely DST in the United States. Discussions about the purpose, and effectiveness of the concept are more appropriately in the broader article daylight saving time (which has always been a link in this article). Hoof Hearted (talk) 19:50, 26 February 2016 (UTC)

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references for update from Massachusetts

Massachusetts is considering quitting DST. I'm not sure this is far enough along to be included in the article at this time, so I'll just leave the reference here for tracking by more active editors.

https://www.scribd.com/document/359447935/Time-Zone-Commission-Report-DRAFT

https://www.scribd.com/doc/289148685/Massachusetts-Time-Zone-Change-Bill-Summary

http://time.com/5005600/states-without-daylight-savings-time/

solak (talk) 17:24, 8 December 2017 (UTC)

US Congressional Bill

If I recall correctly, when congress put forth the bill extending daylight savings sometime in the 2000s, it did NOT take effect immediately, but rather, it was implemented a few years later. I won't add original research, but the article implies that in 2005, Congress passes a law and it was effective that year. I'm certain that this isn't the case. 98.221.141.21 (talk) 16:11, 13 March 2016 (UTC)

Never mind, I read a bit more closely. The 2005 bill took affect in 2007. Still, I thought it was more like 3-4 years before the bill took affect. Oh well. 98.221.141.21 (talk) 16:14, 13 March 2016 (UTC)

Another exemption to Daylight saving time in the U.S. are some Amish sects 3 Nov 2018 (Macuquina1623 (talk) 13:24, 3 November 2018 (UTC))

Marshall Islands have never used DST

"Daylight Saving Time (DST) Not Observed in Year 2019 Majuro currently observes Marshall Islands Time (MHT) all year.

Daylight Saving Time has never been used here.

Clocks do not change in Majuro, Marshall Islands.

There is no previous DST change in Majuro."

https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/marshall-islands/majuro

Michael Hurwicz (talk) 04:34, 1 January 2019 (UTC)

timeszones

(I struggled to find the right template and just made something up.) The Time zones section is kind of problematic, because while the statements in it are true, they are not really relevant. Crude System-V style time-zone specifiers have fallen out of favor because they cannot express more complicated rules, and they leave ambiguous the date and time of the switch, which is often the thing that changes most. As a result, most modern operating systems use the Olson timezone specifiers like America/New_York or US/Eastern rather than EST5EDT. The Olson (aka IANA or tz database project) specifiers index into a complex rule system that has the capacity to express the kinds of complicated timezones we see world-wide these days, which are more than the System V timezone specifiers allowed for. As such, this section should be rewritten to not focus on the System V specifiers (if they should be mentioned at all; perhaps not, they are mostly a historical curiosity), and certainly not to suggest they're the modern way of doing things. @Scarletsmith and Seattle Skier: it looks like you both touched this a decade ago, although I'm not sure it would be fair to say you were responsible for the current state. jhawkinson (talk) 23:00, 1 January 2019 (UTC)

Daylight Saving Time to began on February 29, whenever it's a leap year

Whenever it's a leap year the DST date will begin on February 29, since this year is a leap year it will take effect in 2020, in a common year it will begin on the first Sunday after March 5 so the latest under that proposal it will begin on March 12

Will Daylight Saving Time begin on February 29, 2020 or will it begin on March 8, 2020 which is the second Sunday in March under the current law?

--98.31.29.4 (talk) 17:15, 1 January 2020 (UTC)

You were seeing a vandalized version of the article that was corrected soon after. DST begins on March 8, 2020. Hoof Hearted (talk) 21:42, 21 January 2020 (UTC)

Well this year (2020) you get the closest you can get from leap day because February 29 falls on a Saturday, and the number of days will only be 8 days apart between leap day and daylight saving time begins.--98.31.29.4 (talk) 20:07, 7 February 2020 (UTC)

1966

[1] section 6 states any state, DC etc that uses DST in 1966 must conform to last Sunday April to last Sunday October. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.59.83.168 (talk) 03:39, 8 March 2020 (UTC)

Places in the Atlantic Time Zone do not use daylight saving time

Places that are in the Atlantic Time Zone do not use daylight saving time so I corrected the daylight saving time zone in the Atlantic Time Zone to UTC-04:00 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lachlb (talk • contribs) 11:04, 15 June 2019 (UTC)

1975-1986 section

It's not clear if the U.S. was observing DST during this time

Report results are given in 1975 and a change made in 1986 (for 1987 and later); but no where is it definitively stated that the U.S. was on DST between 1975 and 1986.

I live in Arizona, and except for a short experimentation time in the 1960s, we've not observed DST. As such, my knowledge as to what the rest of the U.S. did, and when, is basically nil.

Therefore, I think some clarification is needed. 2600:8800:785:9400:C23F:D5FF:FEC4:D51D (talk) 00:59, 28 January 2021 (UTC)

To quote the comments in the current tz database "northamerica" file:

From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04):

Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules.

• Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday.

https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf

• Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday.

https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf

• Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09.

https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf

• Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30.

https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf

• Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST, from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967.

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf

• Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06.

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf

• Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to February's last Sunday.

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf

• Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first Sunday.

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf

• Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday.

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf

All transitions are at 02:00 local time.

which sounds as if DST was in effect from 1967 to the present. Perhaps Paul missed some public laws, but.... Guy Harris (talk) 01:17, 28 January 2021 (UTC)

Observance versus Dislike

Most of the discussion of observance of DST concerns reasons why people don't like it. Is this really necessary? It seems like every state will have some people who don't like it for geographic reasons, but listing all these is not in the spirit of a good encyclopedia article. So far as I can tell, Arizona is on the only state with interesting factual information about DST observance, as in, most of Arizona doesn't and why, and why the part of the state that does observes it. philosofool (talk) 15:42, 2 August 2021 (UTC)