Talk:Proscription

Notes

• Should the first paragraph of the info below be in the article? Maybe under a 'modern usage' heading? Pacey 00:15, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

In the United Kingdom organisations can be proscribed under the prevention of terrorism act. It is a criminal offence to belong or profess to belong to a proscribed organisation.

These terrorist organisations are currently proscribed under UK legislation, and therefore outlawed in the UK.

44 international terrorist organisations are proscribed under the Terrorism Act 2000 Of these, two organisations are proscribed under powers introduced in the Terrorism Act 2006, as glorifying terrorism 14 organisations in Northern Ireland are proscribed under previous legislation

List of proscribed terrorist groups

The information about the groups’ aims was given to parliament when they were proscribed.

17 November Revolutionary Organisation (N17): Aims to highlight and protest at what it deems to be imperialist and corrupt actions, using violence. Formed in 1974 to oppose the Greek military Junta, its stance was initially anti-Junta and anti-US, which it blamed for supporting the Junta.

Abu Nidal Organisation (ANO): ANO’s principal aim is the destruction of the state of Israel . It is also hostile to ‘reactionary’ Arab regimes and states supporting Israel .

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG): The precise aims of the ASG are unclear, but its objectives appear to include the establishment of an autonomous Islamic state in the Southern Philippine island of Mindanao.

Al-Gama'at al-Islamiya (GI): The main aim of GI is through all means, including the use of violence, to overthrow the Egyptian Government and replace it with an Islamic state. Some members also want the removal of Western influence from the Arab world.

Al Gurabaa: Al Gurabaa is a splinter group of Al-Muajiroon and diseminates materials that glorify acts of terrorism.

Al Ittihad Al Islamia (AIAI): The main aims of AIAI are to establish a radical Sunni Islamic state in Somalia, and to regain the Ogaden region of Ethopia as Somali territory via an insurgent campaign. Militant elements within AIAI are suspected of having aligned themselves with the ‘global jihad’ ideology of Al Qaida, and to have operated in support of Al Qaida in the East Africa region.

Al Qaida: Inspired and led by Osama Bin Laden, its aims are the expulsion of Western forces from Saudi Arabia , the destruction of Israel and the end of Western influence in the Muslim world.

Ansar Al Islam (AI): AI is a radical Sunni Salafi group from northeast Iraq around Halabja. The group is anti-Western, and opposes the influence of the US in Iraqi Kurdistan and the relationship of the KDP and PUK to Washington. AI has been involved in operations against Multi-National Forces-Itaq (MNF-I).

Ansar Al Sunna (AS): AS is a fundamentalist Sunni Islamist extremist group based in Central Iraq and what was the Kurdish Autonomous Zone (KAZ) of Northern Iraq. The group aims to expel all foreign influences from Iraq and create a fundamentalist Islamic state

Armed Islamic Group (Groupe Islamique Armée) (GIA): The aim of the GIA is to create an Islamic state in Algeria using all necessary means, including violence.

Asbat Al-Ansar ('League of Parisans' or 'Band of Helpers'): Sometimes going by the aliases of 'The Abu Muhjin' group/faction or the 'Jama'at Nour', this group aims to enforce its extremist interpretation of Islamic law within Lebanon, and increasingly further afield.

Babbar Khalsa (BK): BK is a Sikh movement that aims to establish an independent Khalistan within the Punjab region of India .

Basque Homeland and Liberty (Euskadi ta Askatasuna) (ETA): ETA seeks the creation of an independent state comprising the Basque regions of both Spain and France .

Baluchistan Liberation Army (BLA): BLA are comprised of tribal groups based in the Baluchistan area of Eastern Pakistan, which aims to establish an idependant nation encompassing the Baluch dominated areas of Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran.

Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ): The main aim of the EIJ is to overthrow the Egyptian Government and replace it with an Islamic state. However, since September 1998, the leadership of the group has also allied itself to the 'global Jihad' ideology expounded by Osama Bin Laden and has threatened Western interests.

Groupe Islamique Combattant Marocain (GICM): The traditional primary objective of the GICM has been the installation of a governing system of the caliphate to replace the governing Moroccan monarchy. The group also has an Al Qaida-inspired global extremist agenda.

Hamas Izz al-Din al-Qassem Brigades: Hamas aims to end Israeli occupation in Palestine and establish an Islamic state.

Harakat-Ul-Jihad-Ul-Islami (HUJI): The aim of HUJI is to achieve though violent means accession of Kashmir to Pakistan, and to spread terror throughout India. HUJI has targetted Indian security positions in Kashmir and conducted operations in India proper.

Harakat-Ul-Jihad-Ul-Islami (Bangladesh) (Huji-B): The main aim of HUJI-B is the creation of an Islamic regime in Bangladesh modelled on the former Taleban regime in Afghanistan.

Harakat-Ul-Mujahideen/Alami (HuM/A) and Jundallah: The aim of both HuM/A and Jundallah is the rejection of democracy of even the most Islamic-oriented style, and to establish a caliphate based on Sharia law, in addition to achieving accession of all Kashmir to Pakistan. HuM/A has a broad anti-Western and anti-President Musharraf agenda.

Harakat Mujahideen (HM): HM, previously known as Harakat Ul Ansar (HuA), seeks independence for Indian-administered Kashmir. The HM leadership was also a signatory to Osama Bin Laden's 1998 fatwa, which called for worldwide attacks against US and Western interests.

Hizballah External Security Organisation: Hizballah is committed to armed resistance to the state of Israel itself and aims to liberate all Palestinian territories and Jerusalem from Israeli occupation. It maintains a terrorist wing, the External Security Organisation (ESO), to help it achieve this.

Hezb-E Islami Gulbuddin (HIG): Led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar who is in particular very anti-American, HIG desires the creation of a fundamentalist Islamic State in Afghanistan and is anti-Western.

International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF): ISYF is an organisation committed to the creation of an independent state of Khalistan for Sikhs within India .

Islamic Army of Aden (IAA): The IAA's aims are the overthrow of the current Yemeni government and the establishment of an Islamic State following Sharia Law.

Islamic Jihad Union (IJU): The primary strategic goal of the IJU is the elimination of the current Uzbek regime. The IJU would expect that following the removal of President Karimov, elections would occur in which Islamic-democratic political candidates would pursue goals shared by the IJU leadership.

Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU): The primary aim of IMU is to establish an Islamic state in the model of the Taleban in Uzbekistan . However, the IMU is reported to also seek to establish a broader state over the entire Turkestan area.

Jaish e Mohammed (JeM): JeM seeks the 'liberation' of Kashmir from Indian control as well as the 'destruction' of America and India . JeM has a stated objective of unifying the various Kashmiri militant groups.

Jeemah Islamiyah (JI): JI's aim is the creation of a unified Islamic state in Singapore , Malaysia , Indonesia and the Southern Philippines.

Khuddam Ul-Islam (Kul) and splinter group Jamaat Ul-Furquan (JuF): The aim of both KUI and JuF are to unite Indian administered Kashmir with Pakistan; to establish a radical Islamist state in Pakistan; the ‘destruction’ of India and the USA; to recruit new jihadis; and the release of imprisoned Kashmiri militants

Kongra Gele Kurdistan (PKK): PKK/KADEK/KG is primarily a separatist movement that seeks an independent Kurdish state in southeast Turkey. The PKK changed its name to KADEK and then to Kongra Gele Kurdistan, although the PKK acronym is still used by parts of the movement.

Lashkar e Tayyaba (LT): LT seeks independence for Kashmir and the creation of an Islamic state using violent means.

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE): The LTTE is a terrorist group fighting for a separate Tamil state in the North and East of Sri Lanka.

Mujaheddin e Khalq (MeK): The MeK is an Iranian dissident organisation based in Iraq . It claims to be seeking the establishment of a democratic, socialist, Islamic republic in Iran .

Palestinian Islamic Jihad - Shaqaqi (PIJ): PIJ is a Shi'a group which aims to end the Israeli occupation of Palestine and create an Islamic state similar to that in Iran . It opposes the existence of the state of Israel , the Middle East Peace Process and the Palestinian Authority.

Revolutionary Peoples' Liberation Party - Front (Devrimci Halk Kurtulus Partisi - Cephesi) (DHKP-C): DHKP-C aims to establish a Marxist Leninist regime in Turkey by means of armed revolutionary struggle.

Teyre Azadiye Kurdistan (TAK): TAK Kurdish terrorist group currently opperating in Turkey.

Salafist Group for Call and Combat (Groupe Salafiste pour la Predication et le Combat) (GSPC): Its aim is to create an Islamic state in Algeria using all necessary means, including violence.

Saved Sect or Saviour Sect: The Saved Sect is a splinter group of Al-Muajiroon and diseminates materials that glorify acts of terrorism

Sipah-E Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) (Aka Millat-E Islami Pakistan (MIP) - SSP was renamed MIP in April 2003 but is still referred to as SSP) and splinter group Lashkar-E Jhangvi (LeJ): The aim of both SSP and LeJ is to transform Pakistan by violent means into a Sunni state under the total control of Sharia law. Another objective is to have all Shia declared Kafirs and to participate in the destruction of other religions, notably Judasim, Christianity and Hinduism.

Note: Kafirs means non-believers: literally, one who refused to see the truth. LeJ does not consider members of the Shia sect to be Muslim, hence they can be considered a ‘legitimate’ target

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG): The LIFG seeks to replace the current Libyan regime with a hard-line Islamic state. The group is also part of the wider global Islamist extremist movement, as inspired by Al Qaida. The group has mounted several operations inside Libya, including a 1996 attempt to assassinate Mu’ammar Qadhafi.

Proscribed Irish groups

Continuity Army Council Cumann na mBan Fianna na hEireann Irish National Liberation Army Irish People's Liberation Organisation Irish Republican Army Loyalist Volunteer Force Orange Volunteers Red Hand Commando Red Hand Defenders Saor Eire Ulster Defence Association Ulster Freedom Fighters Ulster Volunteer Force

Illustration and content issues

It seems odd that the article only talks about proscription in ancient Rome, except for the lead section, but is illustrated with an image unrelated to its content. Should there be an article Proscription (ancient Rome), and an article formed from the list above called something like List of proscriptions? I'd go ahead and create such a thing, but I have no verification for the preceding material. Cynwolfe (talk) 17:18, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

There should definitely be some information here about modern forms of proscription. I came to this page from a Wikipedia article about a Fascist Group that was proscribed by England after the start of WWII. I'm sure this must happen with most state conflicts. 69.125.134.86 (talk) 23:40, 8 July 2013 (UTC)

@Cynwolfe, see below. 71.239.87.100 (talk) 00:42, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

Beginning effort to generalize article

I have added to the lede, general examples of how historians use this title term, with citations. I would recommend these longer sentences be moved into the main body as starting points for new sections, perhaps connotation-based (Proscription as religious persecution, Proscription as ethnic cleansing, etc.), otherwise based on geography or time-period. In this way, the Classics-only nature of the body of the article can begin to evolve. Le Prof 71.239.87.100 (talk) 00:42, 19 April 2015 (UTC)

OTOH, does the subject deserve such amplification? It's graded Low Importance on all indicators. Lengthy lists of persons and organizations who are or were once proscribed adds very little to a general encyclopedia, as opposed to a scholarly monograph. I suggest cutting back severely, or even deleting, the paras on ancient Rome, which seemingly serve only to flaunt the contributor's erudition. Agreed, it then becomes a brief article, but is that always a bad thing? Chrismorey (talk) 11:12, 22 October 2023 (UTC)

82 purge

From my reading of this section, am I correct in the understanding that those who turned in and/or killed men on the "list" were later declared criminals and themselves proscibed? That's very brutal. Why would the authorities do that?Which Hazel? (talk) 16:45, 30 September 2015 (UTC)

The men who profiteered from proscription lists were usually rather nasty even by Roman standards, see Pro Roscio Amerino. Also,by profiting from one set of proscriptions, they identified themselves as supporters of the authority of the time, and they'd acquired a lot of valuable and disposable property. They might be rather obvious targets for the next bunch of authorities. Brutal? In a culture where Damnatio ad bestias was normal, perhaps not especially.

For a very entertaining fictional account of the period (there's lots of more academic work if you want to go that way), you may want to try the series of novels Masters of Rome by Colleen McCullough.

I hope this helps. Richard Keatinge (talk) 12:57, 3 October 2015 (UTC)

More particularly, those who accused or killed the supporters of one faction during a civil war were likely to become targets if and when that faction returned to power. To those who had been persecuted and exiled or imprisoned, or the families of those slain, it was entirely just to mete out the same kind of punishment to the accusers and murderers. In terms of sheer numbers, the proscriptions during this particular period were probably the most extensive in Roman history, as each side sought to do away with their political enemies when seizing power, and each act of revenge might lead to another when the tables turned. From this point of view, it must have been a relief when Sulla was finally able to impose order, even though the manner in which he disposed of his enemies was just as brutal; by the time he relinquished power, the proscriptions were over. The chaos of this war left a lasting impression on the young men of the period, such as Cicero, and especially Caesar, who had been proscribed by Sulla as a relative of Marius, even though he was only a youth at the time. When Caesar rose to power, he showed much more restraint and uncharacteristic mercy to his enemies. P Aculeius (talk) 14:39, 3 October 2015 (UTC)