Talk:Transcendental Meditation in education

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Article split

This article was created per consensus here-- — Keithbob • Talk • 03:24, 2 November 2012 (UTC)

The lead

The lead needs to be expanded to summarize the entire article. Help is welcome and appreciated. Thanks.-- — Keithbob • Talk • 03:24, 2 November 2012 (UTC)

Lead for Transcendental Meditation in education article

NOTE: THIS THREAD HAS BEEN MOVED FROM TRANSCENDENTAL MEDITATION MOVEMENT ARTICLE, NOV 9/12 EMP (talk) 18:14, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Here is a draft intro section for TM in Education article, which might also do as a replacement for the TM in ed section in this article (with redirect to the article, of course).

The TM organization has founded or inspired elementary, secondary and post-secondary schools in various locations of the world including the USA, Europe, India, Australia, Africa and Japan.

The popularity of Transcendental Meditation in the United States received a major impetus from the enthusiastic participation of students at college campuses across the country in the 60’s and 70’s. Many elementary and secondary schools in the US have incorporated TM into their curriculum. Public reaction has ranged from concern to acceptance and praise. The organization established Maharishi University of Management in 1973 in Fairfield, Iowa. It offers accredited bachelors, masters and doctoral programs. On the same campus, Maharishi School of the Age of Enlightenment offers kindergarten through grade 12. Its students have won a number of awards in state-wide, national and international academic competitions. In Europe, Maharishi European Research University has operated since 1975. It is located in Vlodrop, the Netherlands, where Maharishi Mahesh Yogi made his home from 1991 until his passing in 2008. In England, the government supports a Maharishi School. In India, between 90,000 and 100,000 students in 118 cities are enrolled in Maharishi Vidya Mandir Schools, and Maharishi Ideal Girls Schools, which offer elementary and secondary education. The TM organization operates several post-secondary institutions in India, including Maharishi Institute of Management, which has branches in five cities.

TM-based schools in South Africa and Australia have gained public recognition. --EMP (talk) 23:11, 8 November 2012 (UTC)

Thanks EMP. I think it might be important to include the Malnak vs Yogi case here... as well the content I bolded is too specific in my mind, and also may be a bit on the self congratulatory side to be neutral. Just my opinion, of course.(olive (talk) 23:43, 8 November 2012 (UTC))

imo Keithbob's paragraphs are a good summary of the topic for purposes of this article and the lead for the new article. I also agree with EMP's addition and Olive's comment about the highlighted sentence being too specific for a summary/lead. Regarding Malnak, is it the case that current US school projects are in all private schools? I am not sure Malnak should be included in this article's summary. And as of right now, I don't think it should be included in the lead of the separate article because it seems the inclusion in either place gives undue weight to the decision. It might be appropriate to mention in the body of the separate article what the situation is concerning TM in US public versus private schools, discussing Malnak in this context.Coaster92 (talk) 04:47, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Thanks for your insights, Olive and Coaster. Here's a 2nd draft. Will wait re: Malnak vs Yogi to see what others think.

The TM organization has founded or inspired elementary, secondary and post-secondary schools in various locations of the world including the USA, Europe, India, Australia, Africa and Japan.

The popularity of Transcendental Meditation in the United States received a major impetus from the enthusiastic participation of students at college campuses across the country in the 60’s and 70’s. Many elementary and secondary schools in the US have incorporated TM into their curriculum. Public reaction has ranged from concern to acceptance and praise. The organization established Maharishi University of Management in 1973 in Fairfield, Iowa. It offers accredited bachelors, masters and doctoral programs. On the same campus, Maharishi School of the Age of Enlightenment offers kindergarten through grade 12, and has been fully accredited since 1987.

In Europe, Maharishi European Research University has operated since 1975. It is located in Vlodrop, the Netherlands, where Maharishi Mahesh Yogi made his home from 1991 until his passing in 2008. In England, the government supports a Maharishi School.

In India, between 90,000 and 100,000 students in 118 cities are enrolled in Maharishi Vidya Mandir Schools, and Maharishi Ideal Girls Schools, which offer elementary and secondary education. The TM organization operates several post-secondary institutions in India, including Maharishi Institute of Management, which has branches in five cities.

TM-based schools in South Africa and Australia have gained public recognition.

--EMP (talk) 05:02, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

To answer Coaster's question, I believe the current Quiet Time projects in the US are mainly in public schools. Note that Malnak only applies to the US, and the judgment only to New Jersey. In an article that is explicitly about school projects worldwide, it may not be relevant to include Malnak in the lead, given its narrow focus. I think we could omit "enthusiastic" in the proposed text, and also "gained public recognition" may sound promotional. TimidGuy (talk) 12:03, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Hi everyone, thanks for your participation on this thread. I think this is a good discussion but I'd like to suggest that EMP move this thread to the Transcendental Meditation in education talk page. Meantime, I would really appreciate some input on the thread above this one which proposes that the education section of the this article (TM movement) be moved to the new TM in education article. Thanks to all. -- — Keithbob • Talk • 16:31, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

TimidGuy's statement about the scope and applicability of Malnak v Yogi is, as usual, completely wrong. The judgment is not limited to the State of New Jersey; the permanent injunction issued in that case is specifically binding on the US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and any other political subdivision or agency of the US Federal Government. Fladrif (talk) 17:39, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Could you point out a supporting source for this information Fladrif. Thanks.(olive (talk) 17:47, 9 November 2012 (UTC))

Here's what the judgment says: The movement is permanently enjoined "1) From the teaching, aiding in the teaching (including but not limited to the providing of teaching materials), and the solicitation of any municipality, school board or other political subdivision or governmental agency of the State of New Jersey or of the Federal Government, for the purpose of promoting the teaching of any course of study which embodies and advocates any one or more of the Science of Creative Intelligence/Transcendental Meditation, the concepts of the field of pure creative intelligence, creative intelligence and bliss-consciousness; 2) From the use of the textbook entitled Science of Creative Intelligence for Secondary Education--First Year Course -- Dawn of the Age of Enlightenment (or its substantial equivalent) and; 3) From the practice of the Transcendental Meditation or of the puja ceremony as heretofore practiced or performed (or the substantial equivalent of either), in any public school in the state of New Jersey...." I'll let others parse it. TimidGuy (talk) 18:16, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

The judgment does not say "the movement is permanently enjoined...." The parties enjoined include the State of New Jersey, the Department of HEW and their "respective officers, agents, employees or any other person or entity acting for or at the behest". If you're going to invite people to parse language, I'd suggest you actually supply the relevant language, rather than providing a misleading and inaccurate paraphrase. Your mispresentations of the holding of this and related cases on these pages have gone on for so long, and so persistently, and in such defiance of the facts that it can hardly be excused as inadvertent.

The court order in its entirety

APPENDIX United States District Court DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY Docket No. 76-341 (H.C.M.) Civil Action ORDER AND JUDGMENT ALAN B. MALNAK. et al., Plaintiffs, v. MAHARISHI MAHESH YOGI, et al., Defendants This matter being opened to the Court upon Plaintiffs' Motion for Partial Summary Judgment, and the Court having considered the affidavits, briefs and exhibits filed herein, and the arguments of counsel on November 22, 1976, and December 3, 1976 (McCarter & English, Esq., attorneys for Plaintiffs, Julius B. Poppinga, Esq., appearing; Paul Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, Esqs., attorneys for Defendant World Plan Executive Council--United States, Edward N. Costikyan, Esq., and Bernard Ouziel, Esq., appearing; Fischer & Kagan, Esqs., attorneys for defendant World Plan Executive Council--United States, Jay D. Fischer, Esq., appearing; Scipio Africano, Esq., attorney for Defendant Board of Education of Union City, appearing; office of the United States Attorney General, attorney for Defendant Joseph A. Califano, Jr., Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, William E. Staehle, Esq., appearing; and Office of the Attorney General for the State of New Jersey, attorney for Defendants State of New Jersey, New Jersey State Department of Education, New Jersey State Board of Education. Fred G. Burke, and Charles Wilson, Mark Schorr, Esq., appearing on November 22 and Guy S. Michael, Esq., appearing on December 31, and good cause appearing. there being no just reason for delay; IT IS on this 12 day of December, 1977, hereby Ordered and Adjudged that judgment be entered, declaring: 1. That the Science of Creative Intelligence/Transcendental Meditation and the teaching thereof, the concepts of the field of pure creative intelligence, creative intelligence and bliss consciousness, the textbook entitled Science of Creative Intelligence for Secondary Education--First Year Course--Dawn of the First Year of the Age of Enlightenment, and the puja ceremony, are all religious in nature within the context of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution, and the teaching thereof in the New Jersey public schools is therefore unconstitutional. 2. That Defendants World Plan Executive Council--United States; Jerome W. Jarvis; Robert B. Kory; Janet Aaron; Board of Education of Maplewood-South Orange, New Jersey School District; Board of Education of West New York, New Jersey School District; Board of Education of Union City, New Jersey School District; Board of Education of Patterson, New Jersey School District; New Jersey State Department of Education; New Jersev State Board of Education; Fred G. Burke, as New Jersey Commissioner of Education; Charles Wilson; State of New Jersey and Joseph A. Califano, Jr., Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare; and the respective officers, agents, employees or any other person or entity acting for or at the behest of any of the foregoing, be and hereby are permanently enjoined: (1) From the teaching, aiding in the teaching (including but not limited to the providing of teaching materials), and the solicitation of any municipality, school board or other political subdivision or governmental agency of the State of New Jersey or of the Federal government, for the purpose of promoting the teaching of any course of study which embodies and advocates any one or more of the Science of Creative Intelligence/Transcendental Meditation, the concepts of the field of pure creative intelligence, creative intelligence and bliss-consciousness; (2) From the use of the textbook entitled Science of Creative Intelligence for Secondary Education--First Year Course--Dawn of the First Year of the Age of Enlightenment, (or its substantial equivalent) and; (3) From the practice of Transcendental Meditation or of the puja ceremony as heretofore practiced or performed (or the substantial equivalent of either), in any public school in the State of New Jersey; 3. That costs shall be allowed to Plaintiffs. This Court retains full jurisdiction as to all matters relating to the above-captioned case, subject only to the effect of any appeal from this judgment. S/H. C. Meanor H. Curtis Meanor, U.S.D.J ORIGINAL FILED DEC. 12, 1977

It binds not only the movement and the State of New Jersey, but also the Department of HEW and the rest of the Federal Government. Fladrif (talk) 19:20, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

Thanks Fladrif. I have just dug up again and checked the judges order.

From the judges order:

"That Defendants World Plan Executive Council-United States; Jerome W, Jarvis Robert B. Kory; Janet Aaron....Secretary of the United States Department of Health; Education and Welfare and Health... be and are hereby permanently enjoined:.."

World Plan Executive Council is an older name for the TM organization , so yes, all in that paragraph from Judge Meanor's Order are enjoined including the WPEC- what TG describes in his statement above as the movement or organization.

The question remains, is the Malnak case significant in terms of TM in educational institutions world wide? Is inclusion of it US centric? Frankly, I think there are half decent arguments on both sides of the issue. I could go either way on this. I'm not sure the reader will care one way or the other except perhaps in a historical sense. Might be easiest to just leave/ add the Malnak case to the lead.(olive (talk) 20:00, 9 November 2012 (UTC))

The judgement appears to specify that WPEC in the USA (plus other U.S. people and U.S. public agencies) are forbidden to engage/support/promote TM/SCI being taught "in any public school in the State of New Jersey". That would seem to explain why the TM program has been active in dozens of U.S. public schools outside of New Jersey during the 35 years since this case. But we have to remember that TM is a global organization active in many schools around the world both private and public and this court case specifically addresses US schools and appears to be limited to New Jersey schools in particular. I don't have a problem including Malnak in the lead for this article as long as its given proper context ie. Its a US case, forbidding TM/SCI in NJ schools and that TM has been active in many public schools both inside and outside the USA in the decades since, as indicated in this article. What do others think?-- — Keithbob • Talk • 19:25, 10 November 2012 (UTC)

I think EMP has created a good starting point for a lead but I'd like to add a few more things and make it more comprehensive and balanced. I'll submit my own draft based on his, in a few days. Thanks. — Keithbob • Talk • 21:42, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

Another proposed version for the lead

Sorry this has taken me so long. Please let me (and others) know what you think.

Transcendental Meditation in education (also known as Consciousness Based Education) is the application of the Transcendental Meditation technique in an educational setting or institution. These educational programs and institutions have been founded in the USA, United Kingdom, Australia, India, Africa and Japan.

The Transcendental Meditation technique became popular with students in the 1960s and by the early 1970s centers for the Students International Mediation Society were established at a thousand campuses in the USA with similar growth occurring in Germany, Canada and Britain. The Maharishi International University was established in 1973 in the USA and began offering accredited, degree programs. In 1977 courses in Transcendental Meditation and the Science of Creative Intelligence (SCI) were legally prohibited from New Jersey (USA) public high schools on religious grounds by virtue of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. This "dismantled" the TM program's use of government funding in U.S. public schools but did not render "a negative evaluation of the program itself". Since 1979, schools that incorporate the Transcendental Meditation technique using private, non-governmental funding have been reported in the USA, South America, Southeast Aisa, Northern Ireland, South Africa and Israel.

A number of educational institutions have been founded by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, the Transcendental Meditation movement and its supporters. These institutions include four schools offering public and private, secondary education in the USA (Maharishi School of the Age of Enlightenment) England (Maharishi School), Australia South Africa (Maharishi Invincibility School of Management) and India (Maharishi Vidya Mandir Schools). Likewise, Maharishi colleges and universities have been established including Maharishi European Research University (Netherlands), Maharishi Institute of Management (India), Maharishi Institute of Management (India), Maharishi University of Management and Technology (India), Maharishi Institute (South Africa) and Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Vedic University (India).

In the USA, critics have called Transcendental Meditation a revised form of Eastern, religious philosophy and opposed its use in public schools while a member of the Pacific Justice Institute says practicing Transcendental Meditation in public schools with private funding is constitutional.

-- — Keithbob • Talk • 20:08, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

This is excellent. I vote for putting it in the article. We should also maybe create an article titled "Consciousness-Based education" and redirect it to this article. TimidGuy (talk) 16:06, 2 December 2012 (UTC)

OK, I've created a CBE article with a redirect to this article. Let's see what others say about my proposed draft. -- — Keithbob • Talk • 19:54, 2 December 2012 (UTC)

Why not just go ahead, since no one else is commenting? TimidGuy (talk) 11:45, 12 December 2012 (UTC)

 Done Feel free to edit or tweak as needed. -- — Keithbob • Talk • 18:12, 12 December 2012 (UTC)

IMO this is a good summary and clarification. I just took out a comma that was out of place.Coaster92 (talk) 06:24, 13 December 2012 (UTC)

Merge

The article MERU, Holland is a blatant coatrack (60% of the sources don't even mention MERU and it does not meet standards for WP:CORP) and so I have proposed it be split up and merged as follows:

• Content about the University be moved to Transcendental Meditation in education
• Content about administrative headquarters be moved to Transcendental Meditation movement
• Content about the Maharishi's residcence be moved to Maharishi Mahesh Yogi

Comments?-- — Keithbob • Talk • 17:19, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

Since there appears not to be any objections today, I move a small amount of content from the MERU, Holland into Europe/MERU section of this article.-- — Keithbob • Talk • 17:36, 10 April 2013 (UTC)

 Done

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