Teguh Karya (born Steve Liem Tjoan Hok; Chinese: 林廉鹤; 22 September 1937 – 11 December 2001) was an Indonesian film director. Starting his entertainment career in theatre, he made his directorial debut in 1971 with Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki in which he also wrote the screenplay. He later directed numerous critically acclaimed films, including Cinta Pertama, Badai Pasti Berlalu, and November 1828. In 2001, Karya died from complications from a 1998 stroke.[2]
Teguh Karya | |
|---|---|
,_1983,_p14.jpg) Karya at the 1982 Indonesian Film Festival | |
| Born | Steve Liem Tjoan Hok 22 September 1937 |
| Died | 11 December 2001 (aged 64) Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Education |
|
| Occupation(s) | Director, actor |
| Years active | 1968–1998 |
| Notable work | |
| Style | Realism[1] |
| Awards | Numerous Citra Awards |
Biography
editTeguh Karya was born Steve Liem Tjoan Hok on 22 September 1937 in Pandeglang, Banten. He was the first child of Chinese Indonesians Laksana Karya (Tjon Hok) and Naomi Yahya;[3] there was some Bantenese descent from his grandmother. He attended elementary school in Pandeglang, and then moved to Jakarta for junior high school, where he struggled with the exact sciences but did well in the creative arts and history.[4]
Karya studied at the Academy of Film and Dramatic Arts (Indonesian: Akademi Seni Drama dan Film) in Yogyakarta from 1954 to 1955. He then studied at the Indonesian National Theater Academy (Indonesian: Akademi Teater Nasional Indonesia, or ATNI) in Jakarta from 1957 to 1961, where he obtained experience as an actor. He later studied at the East–West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii from 1962 to 1963.[4]
Karya acted in Jenderal Kancil (General Deer Mouse; 1968), while working at Hotel Indonesia as a stage manager. It was directed at children. That same year he established Teater Populer at his home in Kebon Kacang, Tanah Abang, Jakarta. Members were mainly ATNI students; he often booked them to perform at Hotel Indonesia. The troupe later went on to produce critically acclaimed dramas, including 1971's Pernikahan Darah (Blood Marriage), 1973's Inspektur Jenderal, Kopral Woyzeck (Inspector General, Corporal Woyzeck), and 1974's Perempuan Pilihan Dewa (Woman Chosen by the Gods).[1][4]
In 1971, Karya released his first adult-oriented film, Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki (The Face of a Boy). Two years later he released Cinta Pertama (First Love), which garnered him his first Citra Award[1] and launched the acting career of its star, Christine Hakim.[5] It was followed by three more romances, Ranjang Pengantin (Wedding Bed), Kawin Lari (Elope), and Perkawinan Semusim (A Season's Marriage).[1][4]
Karya's most commercially successful work, Badai Pasti Berlalu (The Storm Will Surely Pass), was released in 1977. Based on a novel of the same name by Marga T, it was watched by 212,551 people in its original run.[6] It later won four awards at the 1977 Indonesian Film Festival.[7]
Two years later, Teguh directed the historical epic November 1828, which received six Citra Awards. It was followed by Di Balik Kelambu (Behind the Screen), Secangkir Kopi Pahit (A Cup of Bitter Coffee), Doea Tanda Mata (Two Eye Marks), Ibunda (Mother) and Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta (Lover Left Behind by the Train).[1][4]
,_1983,_p54.jpg)
Karya also directed sinetron, or Indonesian soap operas. He released his first sinetron, Pulang (Go Home) in 1987.[4] In 1995 he directed Alang-Alang, sponsored by the Family Planning Coordination Board (Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana), and the Johns Hopkins University Population Communication Services.[8]
In 1998, Karya suffered from a stroke, which caused some memory loss and put him in a wheelchair for the rest of his life. He died at the age of 64 at the Mintoharjo Navy Hospital in Central Jakarta on 11 December 2001.[4][2]
Influences
editKarya's work was influenced by numerous directors and stage managers, including Asrul Sani, D. Djajakusuma, and Usmar Ismail.[4]
Legacy
editKarya won numerous (described by The Jakarta Post as "countless") Citra Awards.[1]
In 2005, the Twilite Orchestra held a memorial concert featuring songs from Karya's films. Performers included people he had directed, such as Berlian Hutauruk, as well as pop stars like Krisdayanti and Ruth Sahanaya.[1]
Personal life
editKarya never married, although he occasionally dated. When asked why, he said that there everyone had "rooms" in them, for art, friends, country, and other things; the order these rooms were filled was different for each person.[4]
Filmography
edit| Year | Title | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki (Face of a Man) | Directorial debut |
| 1973 | Cinta Pertama (First Love) | |
| 1974 | Ranjang Pengantin (Wedding Bed) | |
| 1975 | Kawin Lari (Elope) | |
| 1977 | Perkawinan Semusim (A Season's Wedding) | |
| Badai Pasti Berlalu (The Storm Will Surely Pass) | ||
| 1979 | November 1828 | |
| 1983 | Di Balik Kelambu (Behind the Screen) | |
| Secangkir Kopi Pahit (A Cup of Bitter Coffee) | ||
| 1984 | Doea Tanda Mata (Two Eye Marks) | |
| 1986 | Ibunda (Mother) | |
| 1989 | Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta (Lover Left Behind by the Train) | Last feature film |
Nomination and awards
edit| Awards | Year | Category | Nomination work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Festival Film Indonesia | 1974 | Best Director | Won | [9] | |
| 1975 | Best Director | Won | [10] | ||
| 1979 | Best Director | Won | [11] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Nominated | ||||
| 1981 | Best Director | Nominated | [12] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Nominated | ||||
| 1983 | Best Director | Won | [13] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Won | ||||
| 1985 | Best Director | Nominated | [14] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Nominated | ||||
| Best Director | Nominated | [15] | |||
| Best Original Screenplay | Nominated | ||||
| 1986 | Best Director | Won | [16] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Won | ||||
| 1989 | Best Director | Won | [17] | ||
| Best Original Screenplay | Nominated |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Taufiqurrahman 2005-09-25, Director Teguh.
- ^ a b ABC 2001, Teguh Karya meninggal.
- ^ Ensiklopedia Jakarta, Teguh Karya.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Library of Film Figures 2008, Teguh Karya.
- ^ Webb 2010-12-08, Christine Hakim.
- ^ Irwansyah 2010, 25 Best.
- ^ FilmIndonesia.org, Badai.
- ^ Wilkins 2000, p. 112.
- ^ "Cinta Pertama". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Ranjang Pengantin". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "November 1828". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Usia 18". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Di Balik Kelambu". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 27 August 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ^ "Doea Tanda Mata". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Secangkir Kopi Pahit". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Ibunda". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- ^ "Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
Bibliography
edit- Irwansyah, Ade (23 April 2010). "25 Film Indonesia Terbaik Sepanjang Masa" [25 Best Indonesian Films of All Time]. Tabloid Bintang (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- "Badai Pasti Berlalu". FilmIndonesia.org (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- Taufiqurrahman, M. (23 September 2005). "Director Teguh Karya to be remembered in tribute concert". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- "Teguh Karya". Ensiklopedi Jakarta (in Indonesian). Jakarta Government. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- "Teguh Karya – Profil Selebritis" [Teguh Karya – Celebrity Profile]. KapanLagi.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- "Teguh Karya: Suhu Teater Indonesia" [Teguh Karya: Maestro of Indonesian Theatre] (PDF). Library of Film Figures (in Indonesian). 2008. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- Webb, Cynthia (8 December 2010). "Christine Hakim: Going where life leads her". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- Wilkins, Karin Gwinn (2000). Redeveloping Communication for Social Change: Theory, Practice, and Power. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-9588-1.
- "Teguh Karya meninggal" [Teguh Karya passes away]. ABC Radio Australia (in Indonesian). 12 December 2001. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
External links
edit
- Teguh Karya at IMDb