Telecommunications in Equatorial Guinea include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
Radio and television
edit- Radio stations:
- Radios: 180,000 (1997).[needs update]
- Television stations:
- Television sets: 4,000 (1997).[needs update]
The state maintains direct or indirect control of all broadcast media.[1] The government owns the only national radio and television broadcast system, RTVGE. The president's eldest son owns the only private radio station. Satellite broadcasts are widely available, including the French language Africa24 television news channel that occasionally carries opposition criticism. Foreign channels, including Radio France International (RFI) and the BBC World Service, were broadcast uncensored throughout the country.[3]
Telephones
edit- Calling code: +240[1]
- International call prefix: 00[4]
- Land lines:
- Mobile cellular:
- Telephone system: digital fixed-line network in most major urban areas and good mobile coverage; fixed-line density is about 2 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has been increasing and in 2011 stood at about 60 percent of the population; international communications from Bata and the capital, Malabo, to African and European countries (2011).[1]
- Satellite earth stations: 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2011).[1]
- Communications cables: Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) submarine cable system, links countries along the west coast of Africa to each other and on to Portugal and France.[5]
Internet
edit- Top-level domain: .gq[1]
- Internet users:
- Fixed broadband: 1,372 subscriptions, 174th in the world; 0.2% of population, 159th in the world (2012).[6][8]
- Wireless broadband: Unknown (2012).[9]
- Internet hosts: 7 hosts, 227th in the world (2012).[1]
- IPv4: 3,072 addresses allocated, less than 0.05% of the world total, 4.5 addresses per 1000 people (2012).[10][11]
- Internet service providers: 9 ISPs (2009).[citation needed]
Internet censorship and surveillance
editThere are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms without judicial oversight. Most overt criticism of the government comes from the country's community in exile, and the Internet has replaced broadcast media as the primary way opposition views were expressed and disseminated.[3]
Although the constitution and law provide for freedom of speech and press, the law grants authorities extensive powers to restrict media activities, which the government uses to limit these rights. While criticism of government policies is allowed, individuals generally can not criticize the president, his family, other high-ranking officials, or the security forces without fear of reprisal. Libel is a criminal offense, but there were no instances of the government using these laws to suppress criticism during 2012.[3]
The constitution and law prohibit arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence, but the government often does not respect these prohibitions. Search warrants are required unless the crime is in progress or for reasons of national security. Security forces enter homes without authorization and arrest alleged criminals, foreign nationals, and others, often without required judicial orders. The government reportedly attempts to impede criticism by monitoring the activities of the political opposition, journalists, and others. Journalists are subject to surveillance and practice self-censorship.[3]
See also
edit- Radio Nacional de Guinea Equatorial, state-owned national radio broadcaster.
- List of terrestrial fibre optic cable projects in Africa
- Media of Equatorial Guinea
- Economy of Equatorial Guinea
- Equatorial Guinea
References
edit
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.- This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of State.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Communications: Equatorial Guinea", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 27 January 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Communications: Equatorial Guinea", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 8 March 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2014 via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b c d "Equatorial Guinea", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 22 March 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
- ^ Dialing Procedures (International Prefix, National (Trunk) Prefix and National (Significant) Number) (in Accordance with ITY-T Recommendation E.164 (11/2010)), Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 994-15.XII.2011, International Telecommunication Union (ITU, Geneva), 15 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ "ACE: Africa Coast to Europe", Orange SA. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
- ^ a b Calculated using penetration rate and population data from "Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012" Archived 2017-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013
- ^ "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012", International Telecommunication Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013
- ^ "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
- ^ "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
- ^ Select Formats Archived 2009-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, Country IP Blocks. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Site is said to be updated daily.
- ^ Population, The World Factbook, United States Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Data are mostly for 1 July 2012.