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Defence mechanisms
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Defence mechanisms
Level 1: Pathological
Delusional projection
Denial or abnegation (German:
Verneinung
)
Psychotic denial or disavowal (German:
Verleugnung
)
Distortion
Foreclosure or repudiation (German:
Verwerfung
)
Extreme projection
Identification with the Aggressor
Splitting (Black-and-white thinking)
Level 2: Immature
Acting out
Fantasy
Idealization
Introjection (Internalization)
Passive-aggression
Projection
Projective identification
Somatization
Level 3: Neurotic
Displacement
Dissociation
Hypochondriasis
Intellectualization
Isolation
Rationalization
Reaction formation
Regression
Repression (German:
Verdrängung
)
Undoing
Level 4: Mature
Altruism
Anticipation
Humour
Identification
Sublimation
Suppression
Other
Compartmentalization
Defensive pessimism
Minimisation
Postponement of affect