| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Db · Dubnium | ||
|---|---|---|
| Rf ← |
→ Sg | |
| ||
| indexes by PT (page) | ||
| child table, as reused in {IB-Db} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Main isotopes of dubnium | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
|---|---|
| Name and identifiers | |
| Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial) | |
| Top image (caption, alt) | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Allotropes (overview) | |
| Group (overview) | |
| Period (overview) | |
| Block (overview) | |
| Natural occurrence | |
| Phase at STP | |
| Oxidation states | |
| Spectral lines image | |
| Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
| Isotopes | |
| Standard atomic weight | |
| most stable isotope | |
 Wikidata
| |
| Wikidata * | |
| * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (46) · (this table: ) | |
References
- ^ a b Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ Münzenberg, G.; Gupta, M. (2011). "Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements". Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry. Springer. p. 877. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0720-2_19.
- ^ a b c d Six New Isotopes of the Superheavy Elements Discovered. Berkeley Lab. News center. October 26, 2010
- ^ a b c d Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Kovrizhnykh, N. D.; et al. (2022). "New isotope 286Mc produced in the 243Am+48Ca reaction". Physical Review C. 106 (064306). doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064306.
- ^ a b c d Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Kovrizhnykh, N. D.; et al. (29 September 2022). "First experiment at the Super Heavy Element Factory: High cross section of 288Mc in the243Am+48Ca reaction and identification of the new isotope 264Lr". Physical Review C. 106 (3): L031301. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.L031301. S2CID 252628992.
- ^ a b Khuyagbaatar, J.; Yakushev, A.; Düllmann, Ch. E.; et al. (2014). "48Ca+249Bk Fusion Reaction Leading to Element Z=117: Long-Lived α-Decaying 270Db and Discovery of 266Lr". Physical Review Letters. 112 (17): 172501. Bibcode:2014PhRvL.112q2501K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.172501. hdl:1885/148814. PMID 24836239. S2CID 5949620.
- ^ Münzenberg, G.; Gupta, M. (2011). "Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements". Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry. Springer. p. 877. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0720-2_19.
This page uses the meta infobox {{Infobox isotopes (meta)}} for the element isotopes infobox.
This infobox contains the table of § Main isotopes, and the § Standard atomic weight. For example, {{Infobox uranium isotopes}}, as used on page Isotopes of uranium.
The main isotopes table is reused in the regular Infobox: {{Infobox uranium}}.
Basic example
edit{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol =Ni
|ref-table =
|ref-nubase2020 =yes
|isotopes =
|footnote =
}}
Footnote here | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ni) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol =Ni
|ref-table =<ref><nowiki>{{cite book|...}}</nowiki></ref>
|ref-nubase2020 =yes
|isotopes =
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |mn=58 |sym=Ni
|na=68.077% |hl=stable _link
}}
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |mn=59 |sym=Ni
|na=trace_link |hl={{val|7.6|e=4|u=y}}
|dm1=e _link |link1=cobalt-59 |pn1=59 |ps1=Co
}}
|footnote =Footnote here
|child ={{{child|no}}}
}}
parameters
edit
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol =
|ref-table =
|ref-nubase2020 =yes
|isotopes =
{{Isotopes/main/isotope|..}}
|footnote =Footnote here
|child ={{{child|no}}}
}}
|
|
Main isotopes table
editThe Main isotopes table is build by entering one template for each isotope-row.
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
...
|isotopes =
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |link= |mn= |sym=
|na= |hl=
|ref=
|dm1= |perc1= |ref1= |link1= |pn1= |ps1=
|dm2= |perc2= |ref2= |link2= |pn2= |ps2=
}}
...
}}
The single-row parameters, commented
"!"=could be required;
..1–4 refer to the decay mode dm#=
{{Isotopes/main/isotope
|mn =! massnumber
|sym =! symbol
|link = isotope page: uranium-232
|ref = reference for the isotope-row
|na =! natural abundancy (can be: synth, trace)
|hl =! half-life (can be: stable)
|dm1 =! decay mode #1
|perc1 = % decay
|ref1 = reference for decay mode #1
|link1 = product isotope page
|pn1 =! product mass number
|ps1 =! product symbol
|dm2 = decay mode #2 etc.
|dm3 = decay mode #3 etc.
|dm4 = decay mode #4 etc.
}}
- For all code and formatted input: when not recognised, the input is shows as-is (unedited).
abundance, half-life trace, synthetic, stable by keyboard code
edit- Parameters
|na=,|hl=can handle simple keyboard code input. This simplifies typing:
|na=trace, synth,|hl=stable, obs stable.
|na=synth_linkwill link → synth- See also: percentage abundance, below.
- When not recognised, the input is shows as-is (unedited).
decay mode (β−β−) by keyboard code
edit- Decay modes
|dm1–4=can be entered as keyboard code:
|dm1=b+b+(instead of |dm1=β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup>), will show β+β+.
- Also, to wikilink:
|dm1=b+b+_link→ β+β+.
- When not recognised, the input is shows as-is (unedited).
- basic dm1–4 code rules
- α ←
a, β ←b, γ ←g, ε ←e
- Note: plain Latin letter
eused in "e+" only. (No confusion with "ee" for εε/ee).
- x+, x− ←
+ −(superscript = inline) - - − –
-(keyboard hyphen = minus) - A≠a: keep uppercase: SF ←
SF(sf)
percentage abundance, decay mode formatting
edit- Half-life time: usually
{{val}}to format|hl={{val|12.3|e=4|u=Ey}}}→12.3×104 Ey. Do not link the unit. - Percentage input
|na=,|perc1, perc2, perc3, perc4=
- No need for
{{val}}, plain "12.34%" will do. - The number willbe rounded to 3 sigfig.
- When dm-%
|perc1=0.003%, then formatted as "<0.01%". - When dm-%
|perc1=2.7e-12, then formatted as "≪0.01%".
- To evade this rule, use {{val}}:
|na={{val|0.9995|u=%}}(e.g., hydrogen)
- Do not add uncertainties "(5)" or "±0.3"
add reference
edit- USe dedicated reference parameters:
|ref-table=<ref>...in column header|ref-nubase2020=yes/noadds {{NUBASE2020}} in column header|ref=per isotope|ref=per decay mode
Do not add reference with input value: dm1=α<ref>..</ref>
Decay modes
edit| type rowid |
symbol (id) |
normalised code input |
names symbol wl enwiki NUBASE code-id |
A, Z | NUBASE, example, note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dm-symbol
|
normal-codedm1−4
|
en-nameen-linknubase-name
|
AZ-changesaction-textqid
|
||
| 100 | alpha | ||||
dm 110
|
α |
|
|
• (A − 4, Z − 2) |
|
| 200 | beta | ||||
dm 210
|
β |
|
|
• ACTION: QID: beta decay (Q306786)
|
|
dm 220
|
β− |
|
|
• (A, Z + 1) |
|
dm 230
|
β−β− 2β−
|
|
|
• (A, Z + 2) ACTION: A nucleus emits two electrons and two antineutrinos
|
|
dm 240
|
β+ ε + e+
|
|
|
• (A, Z − 1) ACTION: In NUBASE2020, ß+ refers to the combined rate of electron capture (ε) and positron emission (e+): ß+ = ε + e+
|
|
dm 250
|
β+β+ 2β+
|
|
|
• (A, Z − 2) ACTION: A nucleus emits two positrons and two neutrinos
|
|
| 300 | e, epsilon, gamma (internally, "epsi" is the code for char "ε"; "e" for Latn char "e" which occurs in "e+" only btw) | ||||
dm 310
|
ε |
|
|
• (A, Z − 1) ACTION: A nucleus captures an orbiting electron and emits a neutrino; the daughter nucleus is left in an excited unstable state
|
|
dm 320
|
εε |
|
|
• (A, Z − 2) ACTION:
|
|
dm 330
|
ε + β+ |
|
|
• ACTION: electron capture and β+ decay QID:
|
|
dm 340
|
e+ |
|
|
• (A, Z − 1) ACTION: A nuclear proton converts to a neutron by emitting a positron and an electron neutrino
|
|
dm 350
|
γ |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
| 400 | n, p | ||||
dm 410
|
n |
|
|
• (A − 1, Z) ACTION: A neutron ejected from nucleus
|
|
dm 420
|
2n |
|
|
• (A − 2, Z) ACTION: Two neutrons ejected from nucleus simultaneously
|
|
dm 430
|
p |
|
|
• (A − 1, Z − 1) ACTION: A proton ejected from nucleus
|
|
dm 440
|
2p |
|
|
• (A − 2, Z − 2) ACTION: Two protons ejected from nucleus simultaneously
|
|
| 500 | EC, IT, IS, SF, CD | ||||
dm 510
|
EC |
|
|
• (A, Z − 1) ACTION:
|
|
dm 520
|
IT |
|
|
• (A, Z) ACTION: A nucleus in a metastable state drops to a lower energy state by emitting a photon or ejecting an electron
|
|
dm 530
|
SF |
|
|
• variable ACTION: A nucleus disintegrates into two or more smaller nuclei and other particles, all of which may vary with each decay
|
|
dm 540
|
CD |
|
|
• (A − A1, Z − Z1) & (A1, Z1) ACTION: A nucleus emits a specific type of smaller nucleus (A1, Z1) which is larger than an alpha particle (e.g. 14C, 24Ne)
|
|
dm 550
|
IS |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
| 600 | delayed | ||||
dm 611
|
β−n |
|
|
• (A − 1, Z + 1) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits a neutron
|
|
dm 612
|
β−2n |
|
|
• (A − 2, Z + 1) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits two neutrons
|
|
dm 613
|
β−3n |
|
|
• (A − 3, Z + 1) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits three neutrons
|
|
dm 614
|
β−α |
|
|
• (A − 4, Z − 1) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits an α particle
|
|
dm 615
|
β−d |
|
|
• (A − 2, Z) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits a deuteron
|
|
dm 616
|
β−t |
|
|
• (A − 3, Z) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then emits a triton
|
|
dm 617
|
β−SF |
|
|
• β− & variable ACTION: A nucleus decays by β− emission to an excited state, which then undergoes spontaneous fission
|
|
dm 618
|
β+p |
|
|
• (A − 1, Z − 2) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β+ emission to an excited state, which then emits a proton
|
|
dm 619
|
β+2p |
|
|
• (A − 2, Z − 3) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β+ emission to an excited state, which then emits two protons
|
|
dm 621
|
β+3p |
|
|
• (A − 3, Z − 4) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β+ emission to an excited state, which then emits three protons
|
|
dm 622
|
β+α |
|
|
• (A − 4, Z − 3) ACTION: A nucleus decays by β+ emission to an excited state, which then emits an a particle
|
|
dm 623
|
β+SF |
|
|
• β+ & variable ACTION: A nucleus decays by β+ emission to an excited state, which then undergoes spontaneous fission
|
|
| 700 | 24Ne | ||||
dm 710
|
14C |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 720
|
20Ne |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 730
|
24Ne |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 740
|
25Ne |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 750
|
25Ne + 28Mg |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 760
|
26Ne |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 770
|
24Ne + 26Ne |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 780
|
28Mg |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 790
|
28Mg + 30Mg |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 792
|
30Mg |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 794
|
32Si |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
dm 796
|
34Si |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
| 800 | natural abundance, half-life (na, hl) | ||||
na 810
|
synth |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
na 820
|
trace |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
hl 850
|
stable |
|
|
• ACTION:
|
|
hl 860
|
observ. stable |
|
|
• ACTION: QID: (Q116484654)
|
|
| 900 | Not supported | ||||
dm 920
|
incorrect normal-code input: ≠ e- |
|
|
• ACTION: QID:
|
|
| 930 | IT ?
|
<dm> ? (theor) not implemented Decay mode is energetically allowed, but not experimentally observed |
• in NUBASE2020
| ||
| 940 | IT=?
|
<dm>=? (theor) not imp;lemented decay is observed, but its intensity is not experimentally known |
• in NUBASE2020
| ||
/isotope Full parameter list
edit{{Isotopes/main/isotope |link= |mn= |sym=
|na= |hl=
|ref=
|dm1= |perc1= |link1= |ref1= |pn1= |ps1=
|dm2= |perc2= |link2= |ref2= |pn2= |ps2=
|dm3= |perc3= |link3= |ref3= |pn3= |ps3=
|dm4= |perc4= |link4= |ref4= |pn4= |ps4=
}}
Standard atomic weight
editThe Infobox contains the table of Main Isotopes (more below), and the standard atomic weight (as published by CIAAW, see {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/CIAAW-saw-element-page}}.
what's new
edit- Mar 2023
- Main usually refers to Main isotopes (not mainspace, not main-article about ..)
|isobox ref=depr, repl|ref-table=, position=top table TODO check when child|ref-nubase2020=yes/no(aka|ref-NUBASE2020=) {{NUBASE2020}} named! ref tag! dflt
usage
editThis is the Infobox for an elements main isotopes. The meta-templatee is {{Infobox isotopes (meta)}} (META)
It contains a table of main isotopes and eventually the standard atomic weight.
This template is reused in {{Infobox <element>}} as a child Infobox (|child=yes).
As of Jan 2023[update], a 'Main isotope' is conforming MOS:MAINISOTOPE (under construction, see WP:ELEMENTS What is a "Main_isotope"?)
Each isotope has its own row, with decay modes:
ALL PARAMETERS
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol =
|ref-table =
|ref-nubase2020=<!-- yes/no -->
|ref-NUBASE2020=<!-- aka -->
|isotopes =
{{Isotopes/main/isotope
|link= |mn= |sym=
|na= |hl=
|ref=
|dm1= |perc1= |link1= |ref1= |pn1= |ps1=
|dm2= |perc2= |link2= |ref2= |pn2= |ps2=
|dm3= |perc3= |link3= |ref3= |pn3= |ps3=
|dm4= |perc4= |link4= |ref4= |pn4= |ps4= }}
|footnote =
|child ={{{child|no}}}<!-- [IB element] -->
}}
- Table used in {{Infobox element}}
Isotope decay example
edit
| ||||||||||||||||||
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol=
|isotopes=
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |sym=U |mn=234
|na=95% |hl=2 y
|ref=<ref>Reference A</ref>
|dm1=α |ps1=Cn |pn1=247
|dm2=β |perc2=0.001% |ref2=<ref>Reference decay-2 </ref>|ps2=Pu |pn2=242 }}
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |sym=U |mn=234
|na=95% |hl=2 y
|ref=<ref>Reference A</ref>
|dm1=α |ps1=Cn |pn1=247
|dm2=β |perc2=0.001% |ref2=<ref>Reference decay-2 </ref>|ps2=Pu |pn2=242 }}
}}
- more parameters used
Some Footnote | ||||||||||||||||||
{{Isotopes/main/isotope |sym=U |mn=234
|na=trace_link |hl=2 y
|ref=<ref>Reference A</ref>
|dm1=α |perc1=95% |link1=Cn-247 |ps1=Cn |pn1=247
|dm2=β |perc2=0.005% |link2=plutonium-242 |ps2=Pu |pn2=242 }}
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|isotopes=
{{Isotopes/main/isotope
|link= |sym= |mn=
|na= |hl=
|ref=
|dm1= |perc1= |link1= |ps1= |pn1=
|dm2= |perc2= |link2= |ps2= |pn2=
|dm3= |perc3= |link3= |ps3= |pn3= }}
}}
Standard atomic weight
editFor stable elements, the formal standard atomic weight (s.a.w.) is added, as published by CIAAW. When the s.a.w. is in interval-notation, its conventional value is added too. Data is retrieved from central s.a.w. values lists, formatting is by {{Infobox element/standard atomic weight format}} (same as {{infobox element}}). Example:
| |||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar°(Li) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
{{Infobox isotopes (meta)
|symbol=Li
}}
Tracking
editReferences
- ^ {{cite book|...}}
- ^ a b c Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Nickel". CIAAW. 2007.
- ^ a b Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
- ^ Reference A
- ^ cite book: Hello World
- ^ Reference A
- ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Lithium". CIAAW. 2009.
See also
edit- {{Isotopes summary}} -- in-article table, esp SHE. See copernicium.
- {{Infobox element}} -- shows this template by element.
- Category:Infobox element isotopes templates (119)
- {{Infobox element/element navigation}} -- additional documentation (top left boxes)
